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目的探讨新生儿重症监护并发早产儿院内感染的危险因素,并提出相应的预防对策。方法回顾性分析2009年12月至2011年8月在我院新生儿重症监护病房住院的385例早产儿的临床资料,对发生院内感染的病例进行总结,分析感染的致病菌,并针对感染的原因,提高预防性对策。结果 385例早产儿中发生感染100例共118例次,感染率为25.9%。其中最常见的感染为呼吸道感染,有42例;其次为血液和皮肤黏膜感染,各有13例。100例感染患儿中共分离出139例菌株,以革兰阴性菌为主有87株,其次为革兰阳性菌有30株。肠外营养、低体质量及呼吸机治疗是早产儿发生院内感染的主要危险因素。结论要加强对早产儿重症监护病房的监控和管理,重视发生感染的高危因素,采取严格的消毒隔离制度,合理使用抗生素,有助于减少院内感染的发生。
Objective To explore the risk factors of nosocomial infection in neonates with intensive care and preterm birth and to propose corresponding preventive measures. Methods The clinical data of 385 premature infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit in our hospital from December 2009 to August 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The cases of nosocomial infections were summarized, the pathogenic bacteria of infection were analyzed, The reasons for improving preventive measures. Results A total of 118 cases of infection occurred in 385 premature infants, with an infection rate of 25.9%. The most common infection was respiratory infection, 42 cases; followed by blood and skin and mucous membrane infections, each 13 cases. A total of 139 isolates were isolated from 100 infected children. There were 87 gram-negative bacteria, followed by 30 gram-positive bacteria. Parenteral nutrition, low body weight, and ventilator therapy are the major risk factors for nosocomial infections in preterm infants. Conclusion To strengthen the monitoring and management of premature infants with intensive care unit, pay attention to the risk factors for infection, strict disinfection and isolation system, rational use of antibiotics, help to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.