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特别权力关系理论起源于19世纪君主立宪时代的德国,是大陆法系行政法学的特有概念。新中国自行政法学创立以来,虽然在理论上没有明确“特别权力关系”这一概念,但在立法与司法实践中,多采用该理论的相关做法,相关内容广泛地分散于各个领域的法律、法规、规章及其他规范性文件之中。特别是在其他国家逐渐开始反省并改进这一理论时,我们的法律制度对相关领域的调整仍停留在传统的理论阶段。对这种现状进行必要的修正,是现代社会行政法治和人权保障的共同要求。笔者拟结合中国足协的相关情况与特别权力关系理论的发展变迁,从实证的角度对中国立法与司法实践中有关特别权力关系的内容作一个必要的反省与检讨,以期能对法治介入行业自治的制度化有所裨益。
The theory of special power relations originated in Germany in the 19th century constitutional monarchy and is a peculiar concept of civil law jurisprudence. Although the concept of “special power relations” has not been clearly defined in theory since the founding of New China’s Administrative Science of Law, the practice of this theory has been mostly adopted in legislation and judicial practice. The relevant content has been widely dispersed in various fields of law, Regulations, rules and other normative documents. Especially in other countries gradually began to reflect and improve this theory, our legal system to adjust the related fields still remain in the traditional theoretical stage. Necessary amendments to this status quo are the common demands of the administrative law and the guarantee of human rights in modern society. The author intends to combine the relevant situation of China Football Association and the development of special power relations theory changes from the empirical point of view of China’s legislation and judicial practice of the relationship between the special powers to make a necessary reflection and review of the rule of law intervention in the industry autonomy Institutionalization of some benefit.