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【目的】通过陆地棉的产量与纤维品质性状的遗传相关分析,为选择育种与杂种优势利用提供理论支持。【方法】采用4×4完全双列杂交分析法,对四个陆地棉品种(系)的产量因素和纤维品质性状遗传效应及遗传相关进行分析,并将遗传相关分解为加性相关和显性相关。【结果】在产量因素中,铃重与衣分的遗传分别以加性效应和显性效应为主,加性效应对衣分与铃重贡献高于显性效应,衣分受环境变异的影响最小,而单铃重、籽棉产量、有效铃则反之;在纤维品质性状中,纤维长度、比强度和马克隆值的遗传以加性效应为主,显性效应不明显,其中纤维长度与比强度的加性效应达到极显著,纤维性状均受环境影响变异较大;棉花产量因素与品质性状之间的相关普遍表现为遗传相关大于表型相关,各性状之间的表型相关、遗传相关及加性相关类似,而显性相关则不同。不仅在陆地棉产量因素和纤维品质性状内部各自存在加性或显性相关性,而且在产量因素与纤维品质性状之间存在加显性相关性,不同性状之间的正负效应不同。【结论】棉花产量因素与纤维品质遗传相关,特别是加性相关可以指导选择育种,而在杂种优势的利用中可以重点考虑显性相关。
【Objective】 The objective of this study is to provide theoretical support for selection breeding and utilization of heterosis based on the genetic correlation analysis between the yield and fiber quality characters of upland cotton. 【Method】 The genetic effects and genetic correlation of yield components and fiber quality traits of four Upland cotton cultivars (lines) were analyzed by 4 × 4 complete diallel cross analysis, and the genetic correlation was decomposed into additive and dominant Related. 【Result】 In the yield factors, the inheritance of boll weight and lint percentage were mainly additive and dominance respectively. The additive effect on lint percentage and boll weight was higher than that of dominance. The lint percentage was affected by environmental variation While the single boll weight, seed cotton yield and effective boll were the contrary. In the fiber quality traits, the inheritance of fiber length, specific intensity and micronaire value was mainly additive effect, but the dominant effect was not obvious. The fiber length and ratio The additive effect of the intensity reached extremely significant, and the fiber traits were greatly influenced by the environment. The correlation between the yield factors and the quality traits of cotton generally showed that the genetic correlation was greater than the phenotypic correlation, the phenotypic correlation among the traits, the genetic correlation And similar to additive relevance, while explicit relevance is different. Not only additive or dominant correlation exists between the yield factors and fiber quality traits, but also between the yield factors and the fiber quality traits. The positive and negative effects of different traits are different. 【Conclusion】 The cotton yield is related to the fiber quality genetically, especially the additive correlation can guide the selective breeding. However, the dominant correlation can be considered in the utilization of heterosis.