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1 引言 从1980年后期起,超短光脉冲的产生及放大技术迅速发展。现在脉冲宽度已从飞秒(10~(-15)S)向阿秒(10~(-18)S)发展,光脉冲峰值强度也从太瓦(1TW=10~(12)W)到拍瓦(1PW=10~(15)W),聚焦光强度超过10~(20)W/cm~2。因此可以说飞秒激光的特征是超高速和超高强度,使飞秒激光器及其在各领域的应用倍受关注。
1 Introduction Since late 1980, the generation and amplification of ultrashort optical pulses have been rapidly developed. Now the pulse width has been from the femtosecond (10 ~ (-15) S) to attoseconds (10 ~ (-18) S) development, the peak intensity of light pulse from the watts (1TW = 10 ~ (12) W) Watt (1PW = 10 ~ (15) W), the focused light intensity exceeds 10 ~ (20) W / cm ~ 2. Therefore, it can be said that the characteristics of femtosecond laser are ultra-high speed and ultra-high intensity, which make the femtosecond laser and its applications in various fields pay more attention.