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采用光线追踪的方法对外表面为圆形截面、椭圆形截面和抛物线形截面的3种类型的菲涅尔透射聚光器进行分析。利用光学仿真对比分析3种不同聚光器的聚光性能,分析其在聚光效率、跟踪误差敏感性以及入射光轴向倾斜对接收效率影响等方面的优劣。加工直径为1 m的圆形聚光器样件,基于该聚光器构建太阳能光伏光热一体化系统(photovoltaic/thermal system,后文简称PV/T系统),以砷化镓高聚光电池作为接收器,在实际的典型天气下对透射式菲涅尔聚光PV/T系统进行试验研究,测试接收装置的温度分布、系统电能和热能的输出特性以及热电综合利用率。结果表明:晴朗天气下透射式菲涅尔聚光PV/T系统中午时段的发电效率最大可达18%,冷却水得热效率最大值约为45%,在中午时段(11:00~13:00)辐照大于900 W/m2时,热/电总利用效率可保持在55%以上。
Three kinds of Fresnel transmission concentrators with circular cross section, elliptical cross section and parabolic cross section were analyzed by ray tracing method. The optical performance of three different concentrators was compared and analyzed by using optical simulation. The advantages and disadvantages of the three concentrators were analyzed, such as condenser efficiency, tracking error sensitivity and axial tilt of incident light. A circular condenser sample with a diameter of 1 m was fabricated. Based on this condenser, a photovoltaic / thermal system (hereinafter referred to as PV / T system) was constructed and a gallium arsenide high concentration photovoltaic cell was used as Receiver to test the transmission Fresnel concentrator PV / T system under actual typical weather, to test the temperature distribution of the receiving device, the output characteristics of the system electrical and thermal energy and the comprehensive utilization of the thermoelectric power. The results show that the maximum power efficiency of the transmissive Fresnel concentrating PV / T system can reach 18% at noon and the maximum thermal efficiency of the cooling water is about 45% in sunny weather. During noon (11: 00-13: 00) ) When the irradiance is greater than 900 W / m2, the total thermal / electrical efficiency can be maintained above 55%.