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目的:为临床开展鼻窦内窥镜手术提供外科手术解剖学依据。方法:在20具40侧经防腐处理的完整成人尸头标本上,观测鼻腔外侧壁诸结构的大小、分别与鼻前棘距离及其连线与鼻底平面之夹角。结果:上鼻甲长度为15.9±2.9mm,宽度为4.7±1.1mm;中鼻甲长度为36.5±3.4mm,宽度为10.4±3.4mm;下鼻甲长度为42.7±3.6mm,宽度为12.3±1.7mm。鼻前棘至中鼻甲前下端、后下端、额窦开口、蝶窦开口连线的距离及其与鼻底夹角分别为34.0±3.5mm、51.7±4.6mm、49.3±4.3mm、54.5±4.0mm及73.2±6.4°、22.8±3.3°、78.5±8.3°、43.5±5.2°。结论:鼻前棘至中鼻甲前下端、后下端、额窦开口、蝶窦开口连线距离及其与鼻底夹角的测量,为临床在内窥镜下寻找窦口、探入窦口及保护中鼻甲提供了解剖学依据。
Objective: To provide surgical anatomy basis for the clinical operation of endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods: The size of the structures on the lateral nasal wall was observed on 20 specimens of 40 adult cadaver heads treated with antiseptic treatment. The distances between them and the anterior nasal spines were measured respectively. Results: The length of the superior turbinate was 15.9 ± 2.9mm and the width was 4.7 ± 1.1mm. The length of the middle turbinate was 36.5 ± 3.4mm and the width was 10.4 ± 3.4mm. The length of the inferior turbinate was 42.7 ± 3.6mm and the width was 12.3 ± 1.7mm. The distance from the anterior nasal spine to the anterior inferior middle turbinate, the posterior inferior posterior, the frontal sinus opening, the sphenoid sinus ostium and the angle with the nasal floor were 34.0 ± 3.5mm, 51.7 ± 4.6mm, 49.3 ± 4.3mm and 54.5 ± 4.0 mm and 73.2 ± 6.4 °, 22.8 ± 3.3 °, 78.5 ± 8.3 °, 43.5 ± 5.2 °. Conclusion: The distance from the anterior nasal spine to the anteromedial lower extremity, the posterior lower extremity, the frontal sinus opening and the sphenoid sinus ostium and the angle between the anterior nasal spine and the nasal floor are all the indexes for looking for sinus ostium, Protecting the middle turbinate provides an anatomical basis.