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搭建了冷气微推力器推力测量实验系统,研究了不同介质条件下冷气微推力器的推力特性.改变入口和环境压力分析推力、质量流率及比冲变化规律;对实验数据进行函数拟合,推算出真空环境下的推力值.实验结果表明:入口压力为0.86 MPa时N_2和NH_3的真空推力为90.46mN和103.42mN,与真空环境相比,地面推力至少降低50%,地面与真空环境下推力性能差异较大;真空环境下NH_3的推力比N_2高出13%,液氨的真空闪蒸特性能明显提高微推力器的推力;测量的推力实验值与理论计算的偏差小于10%,表明实验系统能够精确测量微推力.
The experimental system of thrust measurement of air-conditioned micro thrusters was built, and the thrust characteristics of air-cooled micro thrusters under different media conditions were studied.The thrust, mass flow rate and specific impulse variation were analyzed by changing the inlet and ambient pressure.The function fitting of the experimental data, The thrust of vacuum environment is deduced.The experimental results show that the vacuum thrust of N_2 and NH_3 is 90.46mN and 103.42mN when the inlet pressure is 0.86 MPa and the ground thrust is reduced by at least 50% compared with the vacuum environment, The thrust performance is quite different; the thrust of NH3 in vacuum environment is 13% higher than that of N2; the vacuum flash characteristics of liquid ammonia can significantly improve the thrust of the micro thrusters; the deviation between the experimental thrust values and theoretical calculations is less than 10% The experimental system can accurately measure the micro-thrust.