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为分析青少年和儿童对中耳手术的承受力及手术效果。方法：对１９７４～１９９６年间１０５例（１４６耳）２０岁以下青少年和儿童中耳手术短期（１个月内）和长期（３个月以上～１１年）疗效作回顾分析。结果：１２０耳有完整听力资料，术后平均气骨差为（２１．８６±１３．１５）ｄＢＨＬ，与术前平均（３．２０±１３．８７）ｄＢＨＬ相比，差异有极显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。其中以镫骨提高术疗效最好，１００％的气骨差减少到３０ｄＢＨＬ以内，鼓膜愈合好；鼓室成形术次之（４７％）。１７耳属于再手术，其满意效果也达到了８２％（１４耳）。结论：青少年和儿童的中耳手术对解决胆脂瘤或各种传导性听力障碍都是安全和适宜的。有些第一次手术效果不佳者，再手术也是有益的选择。
To analyze the adolescent and children on the middle ear surgery tolerance and surgical results. Methods: The short-term (within 1 month) and long-term (from 3 months to 11 years) outcomes of middle ear surgery in 105 cases (146 ears) of children and adolescents under 20 years of age from 1974 to 1996 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Complete hearing data was obtained in 120 ears, with an average difference of 21.86 ± 13.15 dBHL after surgery, which was significantly different from the preoperative average of 3.20 ± 13.87 dBHL P <0.01). Among them, tarsal bone enhancement surgery was the best, 100% of the air gap was reduced to less than 30dBHL, the tympanic membrane healed well; tympanoplasty was the second (47%). 17 ears are re-surgery, the satisfaction of the effect has reached 82% (14 ears). CONCLUSIONS: Middle-ear surgery in adolescents and children is safe and appropriate for resolving cholesteatoma or various conductive hearing disorders. Some of the first surgery ineffective, re-surgery is also a useful choice.