土壤侵蚀会降低生产力,影响作物产量,因此,恢复土壤生产力是人们普遍关注的问题。采用人工模拟土壤侵蚀方法,对侵蚀状况下的土壤进行生产力研究,并配以施肥探索土壤生产力的恢复情况。结果显示:1)施肥可以改善土壤的物理性状,侵蚀土壤的含水量降低,密度增加,孔隙度减小;2)在无肥下,土壤中有机质及其他养分质量分数均随侵蚀程度的加深而减少,施肥可以增加土壤中有机质及各养分的质量分数,但施肥后各养分的质量分数整体上仍呈现出随侵蚀深而降低的趋势;3)土壤侵蚀会减少玉米的生物量,平均每侵蚀1 cm土层,玉米生物量下降0.38%,施肥可以在一定程度上弥补侵蚀所造成的损失;4)同生物量的变化情况,玉米产量也呈现出随侵蚀程度加深而逐渐下降的趋势,每流失1 cm土层,玉米产量平均下降2.49%,施肥能够提高一定的玉米产量,在剥离地表20 cm、剥离地表10 cm、原状未扰动土和覆盖10 cm表土4种不同的地表处理下,常规施肥下的玉米产量比无肥分别提高2.44%、2.13%、1.50%和1.23%,过量施肥比无肥分别提高2.99%、2.56%、1.98%、1.14%。 Soil erosion can reduce productivity and affect crop yields. Therefore, restoration of soil productivity is a common concern. Simulated soil erosion was used to study the productivity of soils under erosion and coupled with fertilization to explore the recovery of soil productivity. The results showed that: 1) Fertilization could improve the physical properties of soil, the soil moisture content of eroded soil decreased, the density increased and the porosity decreased; 2) Under no fertilization, the mass fraction of organic matter and other nutrients in soil increased with the erosion degree Reduce, fertilization can increase the mass fraction of organic matter and nutrients in soil, but after fertilization, the mass fraction of each nutrient is still showing a trend of decreasing with the depth of erosion; 3) Soil erosion will reduce the biomass of corn, the average erosion 1 cm soil layer, the biomass of maize decreased by 0.38%, and fertilization could make up for the loss caused by erosion to a certain extent. 4) With the change of biomass, the yield of maize also showed a tendency of decreasing with the deepening of erosion. With the loss of 1 cm soil layer, the average yield of maize decreased by 2.49%. Fertilization could increase the yield of maize. Under the different surface treatments such as pealing 20 cm, pealing 10 cm, undisturbed undisturbed soil and 10 cm superficial soil, The yield of maize under fertilization increased 2.44%, 2.13%, 1.50% and 1.23% respectively than that of no fertilizers, while over fertilization increased 2.99%, 2.56%, 1.98% and 1.14% respectively compared with no fertilization.