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目的了解珠海市近两年乙型流感病毒的基因变异情况。方法采集珠海市流感样病例样本进行流感病毒的分离和鉴定,并对分离到的乙型流感病毒进行核酸的提取,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增病毒基因后进行病毒血凝素HA1基因核苷酸序列测定,用Mega、DNA Star、GeneDoc软件对测序结果进行分析处理,并与WHO推荐的疫苗株基因序列进行比对。结果 2007-2008年分离的乙型流感毒株分属于Yamagata系和Victoria系两个谱系,谱系内毒株间距离很近。Yamagata系毒株与B/Brisbane/3/2007的核苷酸同源性极高,在99.4%~99.7%之间;Victoria系乙型流感病毒株与B/Malasia/2506/2004的核苷酸同源性亦很高,在98.6%~99.1%之间。与疫苗株和其它流行株相比,本次分离的两个谱系毒株均未发现核苷酸的丢失和插入,但均增加一个潜在的糖基化位点。结论珠海市人群交替流行着Yamagata系和Victoria系两个抗原性不同的进化系的乙型流感病毒,病毒的基因发生了变异。2007-2008两年WHO推荐的乙型流感疫苗株与我地区当年流行株为不同谱系毒株,预防保护效果不好。
Objective To understand the genetic variation of influenza B virus in Zhuhai in recent two years. Methods Samples of influenza-like cases in Zhuhai were collected for the isolation and identification of influenza virus. Nucleic acid was extracted from the isolated influenza B virus. The virus was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) Hemagglutinin HA1 gene nucleotide sequence determination, using Mega, DNA Star, GeneDoc software sequencing results were analyzed and compared with the WHO vaccine strain gene sequence alignment. Results The isolates of influenza B isolated from 2007 to 2008 belonged to two genera of Yamagata line and Victoria line. Nucleotide homology between Yamagata strains and B / Brisbane / 3/2007 was very high, ranging from 99.4% to 99.7%; Victoria strains of influenza B virus and B / Malasia / 2506/2004 Homology is also very high, between 98.6% and 99.1%. Compared with the vaccine strains and other epidemic strains, no nucleotide loss and insertion were found in the two lineage isolates of this time, but both increased a potential glycosylation site. Conclusion In Zhuhai, there are two antigenic influenza B virus strains of Yamagata strain and Victoria strain alternately, and the gene of the virus is mutated. 2007-2008 WHO recommended influenza B vaccine strains and the prevalence of endemic strains in my area for different lineage strains, preventive and protective effect is not good.