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目前 ,大多数疫苗诱导的保护性免疫似由长效体液免疫应答介导。相反没有一种疫苗能一致有效地预防 HIV、疟疾和结核等疾病 ,在这些疾病中细胞免疫应答是介导保护作用中的关键。本文探讨体内长效细胞免疫应答的发生和维持机理 ,并讨论能诱导细胞免疫应答的疫苗的最新进展。
Currently, most vaccine-induced protective immunity appears to be mediated by long-lasting humoral immune responses. On the contrary, none of the vaccines consistently and effectively prevent diseases such as HIV, malaria and tuberculosis, in which cellular immune responses are the key to mediating protection. This article explores the occurrence and maintenance mechanisms of long-lasting cellular immune responses in vivo and discusses recent advances in vaccines that can induce cellular immune responses.