规模经济是企业获取竞争优势的重要手段。低成本和低价格是规模经济外溢的主要途径。工业社会,正是通过规模经济的社会扩散自动实现生产和消费的平衡。现代社会大生产的基本特征是大规模批量生产、规模经济、低价格与大众消费的相互促进。而行业垄断,阻碍了规模经济的扩散,破坏了现代生产与消费的自我平衡,违背了工业社会大众化生产方向。解决目前我国经济发展过程居民消费不足等的问题,需要打破行业行政垄断,促进竞争,推动大企业规模效益的社会扩散,开辟大众消费时代的到来,实现大规模生产和大众消费的内在平衡。 Economies of scale are important means for enterprises to obtain competitive advantages. Low cost and low price are the main ways of economies of scale. It is in the industrial society that the balance of production and consumption is automatically realized through the social proliferation of economies of scale. The basic characteristics of mass production in modern society are mass production, economies of scale, low prices and mutual promotion of mass consumption. The monopoly of industries hindered the proliferation of economies of scale and destroyed the self-balancing of modern production and consumption, violating the mass-production direction of industrial society. To solve the current problem of insufficient consumption of residents in the process of economic development in our country, we need to break the administrative monopoly of industries, promote competition, promote the social diffusion of economies of scale for large enterprises, open up the mass consumption era and realize the internal balance between mass production and mass consumption.