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桥梁是城市交通系统中抗震性能最差的节点,一旦遭受地震破坏会影响城市生存功能,可能导致城市局部或整体功能瘫痪,引发或加重次生灾害,降低了地震应急救援和震后恢复的速度和效果,是都市区震害情景构建中重点考虑的关键环节。根据唐山、海城、汶川地震等桥梁震害资料,对桥梁按场地土类型、建筑年代等分类,建立桥梁易损性曲线模型,并提出了适用于城市大量桥梁地震灾害状态快速评价方法,利用该方法评价了潜在近场强地震动作用下太原市区环城高速以内主干道路桥梁的震害。与以往的桥梁易损性模型对比结果表明,所提出的桥梁易损性模型可以更加准确地评价桥梁的震害。该方法可为城市桥梁的震前改造加固、震后快速恢复提供理论依据,也可为震后应急救援决策提供必要的支持。
The bridge is the node with the worst seismic performance in the urban traffic system. Once the earthquake is damaged, it will affect the urban survival function, which may lead to the paralysis of partial or whole urban functions, causing or aggravating the secondary disaster and reducing the speed of earthquake emergency rescue and post-earthquake recovery And the effect is the key link in the construction of urban earthquake damage scenarios. Based on the data of seismic damage of bridges such as Tangshan, Haicheng and Wenchuan, the bridge vulnerability model is established according to the type of site soil and the age of buildings. A rapid assessment method for the seismic hazard status of a large number of bridges in urban area is proposed. The method evaluates the seismic damage of the main road and bridges within the high-speed around the city ring in Taiyuan urban area under the potential near-field strong ground motion. Compared with the bridge vulnerability model, the proposed bridge vulnerability model can evaluate the bridge damage more accurately. The method can provide the theoretical basis for the reconstruction and reinforcement of the urban bridge before the earthquake and the rapid recovery after the earthquake, and also provide the necessary support for the post-earthquake emergency rescue decision-making.