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【目的】通过对学龄前儿童进行声导抗听力筛查,了解儿童中耳炎及中耳功能异常的发生率,探讨有效开展听力保健的方法。【方法】运用声阻抗技术,对沈阳市幼儿园4 028名儿童进行听力检查。【结果】声阻抗鼓室异常图形检出率(B型为4.11%、C型为15.46%)共为19.57%。不同性别之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2～4岁年龄组较5～6岁组中耳异常发病率高。男童比女童更易患中耳疾病。【结论】利用声导抗对学龄前儿童进行听力及中耳功能筛查是早期发现中耳炎及中耳功能异常的有效方法,是开展听力保健的重要措施。
【Objective】 To understand the incidence of otitis media and middle ear dysfunction in preschool children through acoustic guidance and hearing screening, and discuss the effective methods of hearing health care. 【Methods】 4 028 children in Shenyang Kindergarten were examined with acoustic impedance technique. 【Results】 The detection rate of anomalous pattern of acoustic impedance tympanum (B type 4.11%, C type 15.46%) was 19.57%. The difference between different genders was statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of middle ear abnormalities was higher in 2 ~ 4 years old group than in 5 ~ 6 years old group. Boys are more susceptible to middle ear disease than girls. 【Conclusion】 It is an effective method to detect the hearing and middle ear function of preschool children by using acoustic guidance in the early detection of otitis media and middle ear dysfunction. It is an important measure to carry out hearing health care.