在光散射颗粒粒径分布测量过程中会产生大量测量数据,且无法对所有测量数据进行精确分析,导致煤矿粉尘的测量结果产生误差。为了提高煤矿粉尘分布测量系统的稳定性和测量精度,通过蒙特卡洛算法对部分测量数据进行跟踪分析,并分配权重,建立蒙特卡洛数据软测量模型,并对测量关键参数进行推算。结果表明,蒙特卡洛算法在光散射颗粒粒径分布测量系统中,能够有效的提供稳定精确的数据分析方案,为工业应用提供有效且可靠的方法。 In the light scattering particle size distribution measurement process will produce a large number of measurement data, and can not be accurately measured on all measurements, resulting in coal dust measurement results error. In order to improve the stability and measurement accuracy of coal mine dust distribution measurement system, some measurement data are tracked and analyzed by Monte Carlo algorithm, and the weights are assigned to build the Monte Carlo data soft measurement model. The key parameters of measurement are estimated. The results show that the Monte Carlo method can provide a stable and accurate data analysis scheme in light scattering particle size distribution measurement system, and provide an effective and reliable method for industrial applications.