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目的优化流感病毒气溶胶的采样方法并调查综合性医院空气中流感病毒的污染状况。方法于2010年7月选取广东省4所综合性医院,采用BioSampler生物冲击式采样器采集医院候诊大厅和就诊室的流感病毒气溶胶,以一步法逆转录巢式PCR分别扩增甲型流感病毒的基质蛋白基因和乙型流感病毒的核蛋白质基因,以琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测扩增产物。结果气溶胶样品中甲型流感病毒的阳性率为36.9%(24/65);乙型流感病毒的阳性率为44.6%(29/65)。候诊大厅和就诊室空气中甲型和乙型流感病毒的阳性检出率差异无统计学意义。添加消泡剂和牛血清白蛋白的磷酸盐缓冲液并不能提高BioSampler采集流感病毒的采样效率。结论生物冲击式气溶胶采样器可用于采集流感病毒气溶胶,本次调查的4所综合性医院空气中存在流感病毒污染。
Objective To optimize the sampling method of influenza virus aerosol and investigate the contamination of influenza virus in the air of general hospital. Methods In July 2010, four general hospitals in Guangdong Province were selected. Influenza virus aerosols were collected by the BioSampler bio-impact sampler in the hospital waiting room and treatment room. One-step reverse transcription nested PCR was used to amplify the influenza A virus Of the matrix protein gene and the influenza B virus nucleoprotein gene, the amplification product was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. Results The positive rate of influenza A virus in the aerosol sample was 36.9% (24/65). The positive rate of influenza B virus in the sample was 44.6% (29/65). There was no significant difference in the positive detection rate of influenza A and B viruses in the waiting room and clinic air. The addition of defoamer and bovine serum albumin in phosphate buffered saline did not improve the sampling efficiency of the influenza virus collected by BioSampler. Conclusions Bio-impact aerosol samplers can be used to collect influenza virus aerosols. Influenza virus contamination is present in the air of the four general hospitals investigated in this investigation.