目的研究茶氨酸对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法将SD雄性大鼠按体重随机分为5组,分别为模型对照组、假手术组、茶氨酸低剂量组(10mg/kg)、中剂量组(30mg/kg)、高剂量组(90mg/kg)。大鼠灌胃给予茶氨酸15天后采用大脑中动脉栓塞法制备MCAO模型,在再灌注后3h、24h进行神经学评分,再灌注24h后处死动物,测定脑指数及脑组织中天门冬氨酸(Asp)、谷氨酸(Glu)、甘氨酸(Gly),γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)和茶氨酸含量,并采用RT-PCR法检测海马组织中脑源性神经营养因子BDNFmRNA以及Bcl-2 mRNA的表达水平。结果与模型组相比,茶氨酸各剂量组大鼠的神经症状明显改善、脑水肿程度较低;神经递质Asp含量降低,Gly、GABA含量升高,且存在一定的剂量效应关系;茶氨酸剂量组大鼠海马组织中BDNF mRNA和Bcl-2 mRNA表达均显著高于模型对照组(P<0.05)。结论茶氨酸对大鼠脑缺血再灌注引起的神经损伤具有一定的保护作用,其机制与调节氨基酸类神经递质以及上调BDNFmRNA和Bcl-2 mRNA表达有关。 Objective To study the protective effect of theanine on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods SD male rats were randomly divided into five groups according to body weight: model control group, sham operation group, low dose of theanine (10mg / kg), medium dose (30mg / kg), high dose / kg). Rats were intragastrically given theanine 15 days after MCAO model was prepared by middle cerebral artery occlusion, neurological score 3h, 24h after reperfusion, and then sacrificed 24 hours after reperfusion, the brain index and aspartate Asp, Glu, Gly, GABA and theanine contents were determined. BDNF mRNA and BDNF mRNA expression in hippocampus were detected by RT-PCR. The levels of Bcl- 2 mRNA expression levels. Results Compared with the model group, the neurological symptoms of rats in each dose of theanine group were significantly improved, and the degree of brain edema was lower. Asp content of neurotransmitter was decreased, and the contents of Gly and GABA were increased, and there was a certain dose-effect relationship. Compared with model control group, BDNF mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA expression in hippocampus of rats in the dose-of-amino acid group were significantly increased (P <0.05). Conclusion Theanine has a protective effect on nerve injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Its mechanism is related to the regulation of amino acid neurotransmitters and up-regulation of BDNF mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA expression.