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目的了解传染病医院护士职业倦怠状况及其影响因素,为传染病医院护士职业倦怠干预提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法选取某市传染病三甲医院入职1年以上在职护士218人进行问卷调查,采用职业倦怠量表HSS服务版(MBI-HSS)评估护士职业倦怠状况,并采用多元线性回归分析职业倦怠的影响因素。结果共回收有效问卷210份,回收有效率为96.33%。该传染病三甲医院护士中度职业倦怠发生率为73.81%,高度职业倦怠发生率为22.38%。职业倦怠3个维度中,情感衰竭评分为(22.82±9.98)分,中度占72.92%,高度占25.25%;去人格化评分为(6.48±5.20)分,中度占88.68%,高度占11.32%;低成就感评分为(35.20±8.82)分,中度占66.26%,高度占26.14%。多元线性回归分析显示,担心将传染病传染给家人和担心职业暴露是护士职业倦怠的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论传染病医院护士的职业倦怠状况不容乐观,担心将传染病传染给家人和担心职业暴露易引起职业倦怠,传染病医院应重视并积极采取措施缓解护士的职业倦怠状况。
Objective To understand the status of occupational burnout among nurses in infectious diseases and its influencing factors, and to provide the basis for occupational burnout intervention in nurses in infectious diseases. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 218 in-service nurses who were recruited from the top three inbreaking infectious diseases in a city for more than one year to conduct a questionnaire survey. Occupational burnout was assessed using the Occupational Burnout Scale HSS Service Edition (MBI-HSS), and multivariate linear regression analysis Influencing Factors of Job Burnout. Results A total of 210 valid questionnaires were collected and the recovery efficiency was 96.33%. The prevalence of moderate occupational burnout was 73.81% for nurses in the top three hospital of the epidemic and 22.38% for severe occupational burnout. In the three dimensions of job burnout, the score of emotional exhaustion was (22.82 ± 9.98), the moderate was 72.92% and the height was 25.25%. The depersonalization score was (6.48 ± 5.20), the moderate was 88.68% and the height was 11.32% ; Low achievement score (35.20 ± 8.82), moderate 66.26%, height 26.14%. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that fear of contagious diseases transmitted to family members and fear of occupational exposure were the influencing factors of job burnout among nurses (all P <0.05). Conclusion Infectious diseases nurses occupational burnout is not optimistic, worried about contagious diseases transmitted to family members and worried about occupational exposure is likely to cause job burnout, infectious disease hospitals should pay attention to and take active measures to ease the job burnout of nurses.