营运资金属短期投融资范畴,从财务角度看,营运资金涵盖了流动资产和流动负债。流动资产是企业在一年内或超过一年的一个营业周期内变现或耗用的资产,具有周转快、易变现、盈利能力较低等特点。流动负债是指企业需要在一年或超过一年的一个营业周期内偿还的债务,具有融资成本低、融资弹性好、融资风险较大等特征。对于企业来说,持有较少的流动资产和保持较高的流动负债融资比率,资本成本较低,企业 Working capital is a short-term investment and financing areas, from a financial point of view, working capital covers current assets and current liabilities. Liquid assets are assets realized or consumed by an enterprise in a business cycle of one year or more than one year and are characterized by fast turnover, easy realization and low profitability. Current liabilities refer to the debts that an enterprise needs to repay within one business cycle of one year or more, with the characteristics of low financing cost, good financing flexibility and large financing risk. For enterprises, holding less liquid assets and maintaining a higher current liabilities financing ratio, lower capital costs, businesses