目的　探讨一种可靠的先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄 (HPS)的诊断标准。方法　在本研究中测量了 30例正常婴幼儿和 77例HPS患儿的幽门管直径、长度和幽门部肌层厚度 ,通过半效数量分析法 ,得出相对应的评分数值。结果　 30例正常婴幼儿通过B超检查幽门大小 ,平均为 (11.16±1.2 9)mm ,范围 9.0～ 13.0mm ,肌层厚度为 (2 .12± 0 .31)mm ,范围 1.5～ 3.1mm ,幽门管长度 (13.9± 1.4 6 )mm ,范围 10 .0～ 16 .0mm。而 77例HPS婴幼儿B超检查如下 :幽门直径平均 (15 .7± 2 .2 3)mm ,范围 11.0～ 18.0mm ,肌层厚度平均为 (4.90± 0 .85 )mm ,范围 4 .0～ 6 .0mm ,幽门长度平均为18.9± 3.12 ,范围从 15 .0～ 2 2 .0mm。通过建立一个B超评分系统 ,评分≥ 4则为HPS ,若评分≤ 2则排除HPS ,评分 =3则需进一步检查 ,如上消化道造影 (UGI)。结论　B超是一种有效的检查手段 ,建立一个评分系统 ,对HPS的诊断起决定性作用 Objective To investigate a reliable diagnostic criteria for congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). Methods In this study, pyloric canal diameter, length, and pyloric myometrial thickness were measured in 30 normal infants and 77 HPS infants. The corresponding scoring values ​​were obtained by a semi-effective quantitative analysis. Results The average size of pyloric echocardiography was (11.16 ± 1.2 9) mm in 30 normal infants and young children, ranging from 9.0 to 13.0 mm in diameter. The thickness of muscular layer was (2.12 ± 0.31) mm in the range of 1.5 to 3.1 mm. Pylorus length (13.9 ± 1.4 6) mm, the range of 10 .0 ~ 16 .0 mm. The B ultrasound examination of 77 HPS infants and toddlers was as follows: mean diameter of pylorus was (15.7 ± 2.23) mm, ranging from 11.0 to 18.0 mm, mean thickness of myometrium was (4.90 ± 0.85) mm, range was 4.0 ~ 6 .0mm, pylorus length averaged 18.9 ± 3.12, ranging from 15.0 ~ 22.0mm. By establishing a B-scoring system, HPS scores ≥ 4, HPS if the score ≤ 2, and a score of 3 require further examination, such as UGI. Conclusion B-ultrasound is an effective means of examination to establish a scoring system that plays a decisive role in the diagnosis of HPS