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鱼类的年龄鉴定及其最佳骨质材料的选择,是鱼类年龄研究的必要前提,也是鱼类基础生物学和生态学研究的基础。利用2012年4月于黄山九龙峰采集的132尾尖头鱥标本,研究了其鳞片、鳃盖骨、脊椎骨和耳石等骨质材料的年轮特征,并以根据全长分布频率确定的“真实年龄”为参照,比较了鳃盖骨、脊椎骨和微耳石在年龄判读中的精确度和准确度。尖头鱥体侧部和尾柄部的鳞片均无任何年轮标志,星耳石磨片上暗带和明带排列无明显规律,但鳃盖骨、脊椎骨和微耳石上存在明显年轮。鳃盖骨、脊椎骨和微耳石3种骨质材料的年龄判读精确度或准确度差异视不同年龄组有所不同。总体上,脊椎骨年龄判读的精确度最高,鳃盖骨次之,微耳石最低;但年龄判读的准确度正好相反,即微耳石最高、脊椎骨最低。因此,微耳石是尖头鱥年龄鉴定的最佳骨质材料,而其较低的年龄鉴定精确度及其对准确度的潜在影响可通过提高磨片质量和优化判读方法来改善。
The age identification of fish and the selection of the best bone material are necessary prerequisites for fish age studies and are also the basis for the basic biology and ecology of fish. The annual ring characteristics of scalp, opercle, vertebra and otolith were investigated by using 132 specimens collected from Jiulongfeng in April 2012 in Huangshan Mountain, The “true age” is used as a reference to compare the accuracy and accuracy of the operculum, vertebra and otolith in age interpretation. There was no annual ring sign on the scales of the cusp and caudal peduncle. There was no obvious regularity of the arrangement of dark zone and bright zone on the otolith stone. However, there were obvious annual rings on the opercle, vertebra and otolith. Occlusion, vertebrae and otolith The age interpretation accuracy or accuracy of the three bone materials varies depending on the age group. In general, the interpretation of vertebrae was the most accurate in age, followed by the gill cover and the lowest in otolith; however, the accuracy of age interpretation was the opposite, with the highest in otoliths and the lowest in vertebrae. Therefore, otolith is the best bone material for age identification, and its lower age identification accuracy and its potential impact on accuracy can be improved by improving the quality of the plate and optimizing interpretation.