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传统的测土配方施肥是根据土壤试验数据与土壤养分空间变异情况在一定的区间内给出区域施肥量,不同的空间尺度下环境因素对施肥区间分布有着不同程度的影响。为了揭示地理空间范围对施肥区间的影响规律,以地处黄土高原的山西省为研究区,借鉴景观生态学“尺度-过程”原理,利用统计方法建立生态气候、地貌景观、利用措施、土壤条件、养分管理(EGLSN)五个地理空间尺度。通过在研究区设置了Z1~Z5五个样区地理空间,统计各尺度地理空间内土壤调查点上产量分布信息,以养分变化与平衡模型计算施肥区间。同时开发了多尺度区域施肥系统,可在任意不同尺度地理空间上计算该区域的施肥区间,与各样区所在或临近县域审定配方比较表明:多尺度施肥区间基本涵盖了当地审定配方的区间,该方法可对不同尺度地理空间的施肥管理与规划提供定量化依据。
Traditional soil testing and fertilization is based on soil test data and spatial variability of soil nutrients within a certain range of regional fertilization, the different spatial scales of the fertilization interval distribution to varying degrees. In order to reveal the influence of geography space on the fertilization interval, taking the Shanxi Province located in the Loess Plateau as a research area, using the principle of landscape ecology “scale - process ”, the paper established the ecological climate, landscape and utilization, Soil Conditions, Nutrient Management (EGLSN) on five geospatial scales. Five Z1 ~ Z5 geospatial areas were set up in the study area, and the yield distribution information at the soil survey points in each scale geospatial was calculated. The fertilization interval was calculated by the nutrient variation and balance model. At the same time, a multi-scale fertilization system was developed to calculate the fertilization interval of the area at any scale. Comparing with the validation formula at or near the county, the multi-scale fertilization interval basically covers the range of the local validation formula, This method can provide quantitative basis for fertilization management and planning in different scales of geospatial.