很长时间以来,人们一直把阿尔都塞看做是结构主义的马克思主义,这是对阿尔都塞的严重误解。从他的求职资格论文《论黑格尔思想中的内容概念》起,阿尔都塞就明确宣布他的哲学是以弗洛伊德的精神分析为指导的,这在后来的《保卫马克思》《读〈资本论〉》等文章中都可以明显地体现出来。抓住精神分析的指导才是理解阿尔都塞哲学思想的钥匙。 People have long regarded Althusser as structuralist Marxism for a long time. This is a serious misunderstanding of Althusser. From his job qualifications thesis, “On the concept of content in Hegel’s thoughts,” Althusser explicitly declared his philosophy as guided by Freud’s psychoanalysis, which was later described in “The Defense of Marx” Reading << Capital Theory >> and other articles can be clearly reflected. To grasp the guidance of psychoanalysis is the key to understanding Althusser’s philosophy.