目的探讨我国病毒性腹泻暴发案例的流行病学特征,为病毒性腹泻防控提供依据。方法检索电子数据库中符合纳入标准的病毒性腹泻暴发案例调查和分析的文献,提取数据进行系统评价。结果收集到2003~2013年发表的102起病毒性腹泻暴发信息;国内病毒性腹泻暴发约90%由诺如病毒引起,有87.25%报告在长江以南省份,全年均可发生,以1~4月和9~12月寒冷季节暴发较为集中。暴发主要发生在学校和接受长期照顾人群的集体生活单位;罹患率在0.16%~68.00%,流行天数可达1~43 d。超过1/3的暴发危险因素与水的污染有关,其次是环境物品交叉感染或护理病人;疫情发生后极易造成人与人之间的传播。结论通过系统评价可以较为准确地了解我国病毒性腹泻暴发的流行病学特征。 Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of cases of viral diarrhea outbreak in our country and provide basis for prevention and control of viral diarrhea. Methods The database of case studies and analyzes of cases of outbreaks of viral diarrhea that meet the inclusion criteria were searched and the data were extracted for systematic review. Results A total of 102 outbreaks of viral diarrhea were collected from 2003 to 2013. About 90% of domestic viral diarrhea outbreaks were caused by Norovirus, 87.25% of them were reported in the provinces south of the Yangtze River, In April and September-December, the outbreaks were more concentrated in the cold season. Outbreaks occurred mainly in schools and collective living units that received long-term care of people; the prevalence ranged from 0.16% to 68.00% and the prevalence of days ranged from 1 to 43 days. More than one third of the outbreak risk factors are related to water pollution, followed by cross-contamination of environmental goods or care of patients; the epidemic can easily lead to the spread between people. Conclusion Through systematic reviews, we can get a more accurate understanding of the epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in our country.