论文部分内容阅读
目的了解某水厂在不同时期水样的微量元素的含量和致突变性以及消毒剂、沉淀剂浓度与致突变的关系。方法采集广州市海珠区某水厂在丰水期、枯水期、平水期的水源水、待滤水、出厂水、末梢水的水样,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)检测水中Cr、Mn、Fe、Cu、As、Ag、Cd、Ba、Pb、Zn、Al、Se等12种微量元素含量,并进行蚕豆根尖细胞微核试验。同时对沉淀剂(硫酸铝钾)、消毒剂(次氯酸钠)进行蚕豆根尖细胞微核试验,检测其致突变作用。结果枯水期该水厂出厂水和末梢水的锰、铁、和镉均超标;枯水期水源水水样的微核率(9.33‰)高于阴性对照(2.33‰),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。硫酸铝钾(铝离子浓度)>11.38mg/L和消毒水(有效氯浓度)>1.25mg/L时,其微核率>10‰,且与阴性对照比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其浓度均与微核率呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论该水厂枯水期水质欠佳,水源水可诱发蚕豆根尖细胞微核增多,较高浓度硫酸铝钾沉淀剂和次氯酸钠消毒剂对其有一定的致突变作用。
Objective To understand the content and mutagenicity of trace elements and the relationship between the concentration of disinfectant and precipitant and the mutagenicity of water samples from a waterworks at different periods. Methods Water samples from waterworks, water to be filtered, factory water and peripheral water of a waterworks in Haizhu District, Guangzhou were collected during wet season, dry season and flat-water period. The content of Cr in water was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) , Trace elements (Mn, Fe, Cu, As, Ag, Cd, Ba, Pb, Zn, Al and Se) were measured and the micronucleus test of Vicia faba root tip cells was performed. At the same time, the micronucleus test of Vicia faba root tip cells was carried out on the precipitant (aluminum potassium sulfate) and disinfectant (sodium hypochlorite) to detect the mutagenic effect. Results During the dry season, manganese, iron and cadmium in the tap water and tap water of the waterworks exceeded the standard. The micronucleus rate (9.33 ‰) of water samples in the dry season was higher than that of the negative control (2.33 ‰) (P < 0.01). The micronuclei rate was> 10 ‰ when Al 2 O 3 concentration was> 11.38 mg / L and disinfection water concentration was> 1.25 mg / L, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the negative control (P <0.01 ), The concentration was positively correlated with micronucleus rate (P <0.01). Conclusion The water quality of dry-season waterworks is not good. Water source water can induce micronuclei in Vicia faba root tip cells. Higher concentrations of potassium aluminum sulfate precipitant and sodium hypochlorite disinfectant have certain mutagenic effects.