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名垂青史的民族英雄张苍水，有“明季第一忠烈”、“浙江历史上第一完人”之誉。他崇高的爱国主义精神和宁死不屈的凛然气节，至今光彩灿灿。清明节前夕，记者踏着英烈的足迹，作了一次寻访之旅。
好一幢书香缕缕的故居
世人应该庆幸，张苍水的故居、一幢明代古建筑，仍然完好地保存在宁波市中心。
3月31日下午，记者在张苍水十九世后裔张诚的陪同下驱车赶往那里。这是一座重檐歇山顶式的二层建筑，青砖黑瓦，坐北朝南，门楼雕砖，重檐正楼及东西二层厢房组成三合院落，西庭院连着一层五开间硬山顶建筑。还有赤柱红板，门窗镂花，透着缕缕书香的书房。
明万历四十八年（1620）九月十九日，张苍水就诞生在这个书香之家。祖父给他取名煌言，字玄箸，日后却以苍水之号名震天下。
正是在这座建筑面积1724平方米、有着舒适书房和宽阔院落的屋子，自幼聪颖过人的张苍水饱读诗书，过目成诵，为后来的《北征集》《冰槎集》《采薇吟》等惊世诗文打下坚实基础。也正是在这个庭院，极喜习武的张苍水闻鸡起舞，挥刀击剑。年方弱冠，武艺超群，在乡试中箭无虚发，一鸣惊人。
而当国家危亡之秋，张苍水毅然散尽家财，奋举义旗，投入南明军旅，戎马倥偬19年，书写了壮丽的人生篇章。
然而，上世纪90年代，宁波旧城改造期间，围绕这幢建筑的拆留问题却曾有过一番意见交锋。经过36家媒体和大批有识之士同声相应，奔走呼号，国家文物部门高度重视和张诚的积极努力，终于保住了这份珍贵的文化遗产。
后经宁波市政府拨款修缮，这座明代建筑已辟为“张苍水纪念馆”对外开放。中堂绘有《张苍水一生》的巨幅油画，以历史长卷展示张苍水的风云历程和民族气节。中心雕塑为捻鬚闲坐的张苍水和座前小儿执子下棋的塑像，向观众展示“如果没有这场战争……”而应该有的生活。
张苍水出生的西厢书房，已辟为“冰槎讲堂”，展出英雄遗墨。正门外左侧塑有张苍水高大威武的戎装立像，戴头盔，穿甲胄，左手按剑，右手执袍，像在永远守护着故国和家园。
四围绿草如茵，碧树掩映，院内方砖铺地，古色古香；室内陈设井井有条，简明大方。整幢古建筑犹如一颗明珠，镶嵌在宁波中山广场与中山公园之间。
好一个兵营处处的岛屿
在张诚和当地干部的引导下，3月31日上午，记者登上了当年张苍水苦心经营多年和被执之地——象山县南田花岙岛。
在面积9.83平方公里的花岙岛上，至今保存着10多处兵营和屯田遗址。虽经300多年的风摧雨蚀，兵营遗址的整体格局依然清晰可见。城墙坍塌，残垣犹存；营房虽圮，房基可辨；校场斑驳，平地尚在；地道阻塞，穹口依稀。其规模之宏大，规划之周密，设施之完备，为明清时同类遗存所罕见。
置身其间，张苍水用诗歌描绘的景象仿佛重现眼前：“鸠工严部勒，治屋亦犹兵。据水轩辕法，依山壁垒横。短垣缭却月，中露贯长庚。只此扶桑国，居然细柳营。”
想当年，张苍水在此一声号令，千军排阵，金戈铁马，百舸竞发，曾是何等英雄气概！掘井汲水，屯田种粮；垒石为屋，糠菜充饥，又是何等艰苦卓绝！
1645年，张苍水与钱肃乐共举抗清义帜。抗清明将张名振迎接鲁王监国至象山石浦之南田，张苍水即“归别父母妻子，扈王石浦”，使鲁王得以喘息。从此，张苍水以花岙岛为抗清基地，三渡闽关，四入长江，“楼船沉浮三千里，义帜纵横二十年”。特别是1659年，张苍水水军以六千之众作为北征先锋，第四次挥师长江，势如破竹，直捣芜湖，一举攻下四府三州二十四县，赢得大江南北欢呼雀跃，吏民父老牛酒犒劳将士。惜乎主力友军郑成功兵败南京，致使张苍水义军腹背受敌，陷入重围，最终全军覆没。
张苍水历经艰难潜回花岙，仅带几名随从隐居花岙岛。
花岙亦名悬岙，岛上石林崚，地道纵横，依仗白猿放哨守夜，原本安然无恙。可恨叛徒出卖，白猿被诱，张苍水不幸于康熙三年（1664）七月二十七日被捕，随后壮烈牺牲。
现在，花岙兵营遗址已经得到重视和保护，当地政府在岛上建立了“张苍水纪念馆”，不时有学者和兵家前来研究考察，更有游人寻访，莘莘学子登岛学习、凭吊。绿树高天悬魂幡，山花着色祭英雄，萦系在花岙岛的英魂当与日月同辉。
好一座碧血支天的坟茔
张苍水受执第三日被解到宁波督府，浙江提督张杰恭谨以待：“待公久矣，今得一见。”张苍水冷语回答：“父死不能葬，国亡不能救，死有余罪。今日之事，但期速死而已。”
八月押抵杭州，总督赵廷臣以礼劝降，张苍水作《放歌》明志：“留纲常于万祀兮，垂节义于千龄。”康熙三年九月七日，方巾葛袍的张苍水被狱卒用竹舆抬到官巷口弼教坊刑场。张苍水从容下舆，遥望凤凰山一带景色，赞道：“好山色！”又口占绝命词：“我年适五九，复逢九月七。大厦已不支，成仁万事毕。”吟毕不愿下跪，坐而受刑，表现出崇高的民族气节。
对于死后的归宿，张苍水在被解往杭州途中所作《将入武陵二首》已表达愿望：“国破家亡欲何之？西子湖头有我师。日月双悬于氏墓，乾坤半壁岳家祠。渐将赤手分三席，敢为丹心借一枝。他日素车东浙路，怒涛岂必属鸱夷！”
张苍水被害后，他的同乡、友人、义士遵从烈士遗愿将他殓葬于杭州南屏山荔枝峰下，并将一同被害的参将罗子木、侍从杨冠玉、舟子三人分别葬于张苍水墓的两侧。此后300多年间曾8次修墓，乾隆四十一年（1776）赐谥“忠烈”。1992年初，杭州市大规模修整墓冢、墓地、墓道，并在原址上重建张苍水祠堂。祠内安放着3米高的张苍水塑像。沙孟海、启功、沈定庵三位著名书法家书写的“好山色”、“忠烈千秋”、“碧血支天”三块黑底金字的大匾高悬祠内，《投笔从戎》《保卫舟山》《从容就义》等8幅壁画，重现了张苍水爱国爱民、壮怀激烈的一生。
张苍水墓背依南屏山，面向西子湖，青石砌成的圆形拱墓覆有黄土青草。整个墓地显得古雅、朴实、庄严。
妩媚西子，原本歌舞沉醉，充斥着太多的脂粉气息。幸赖岳飞、于谦、张苍水三位民族英雄忠骨归葬，她才显得更加灵秀壮美。
清明节前一日，收到张诚手机短信：“代我向张苍水陵前献个花篮。”我不负所托，于清明节一早购好两只花篮，一只写道：“先祖张苍水永垂不朽。十九世后裔张诚敬献。”另一只乃记者所献，并书挽联“廿年战将，英名不朽；万世雄才，精神永存！”虔敬地献于张苍水墓前。□
My Visit to Relics of Zhang Cangshui
By Fu Tongxian
Zhang Cangshui (1620-1664) is considered the most heroic martyr of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and the most important man in the history of Zhejiang Province. He is remembered for his patriotism and heroism. Before the Qingming Festival this year, I visited sites concerning his life and death.
Former Residence in Downtown Ningbo
His former residence, a structure in the architectural style of the Ming Dynasty, stands in the downtown Ningbo. With Zhang Cheng, the 19th-generation descendent of the great martyr, I visited the residence on the afternoon of March 31st, 2011.
The two-storied structure stands facing the south. The large compound is divided into three sections. Zhang Cangshui was born into this house of scholars on September 19, 1620. He grew up here studying Chinese classics and practicing martial arts. When the Ming Dynasty crashed, replaced by the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Cangshui organized a resistance army and fought for the lost cause for 19 years.
The residence was to be demolished in the 1990s when the city planners dreamed up a development project that disregarded the existence of the compound. A heated debate broke loose. Efforts to save the residence went aborted. The water and electricity supplies were cut off and bulldozers came. Zhang Cheng, a translator by profession, sat in the study of the residence day and night. Armed with a sword, he swore to live and die with his ancestor’s legacy. Thirty-six news media and a large group of people called for preserving the martyr’s residence. The state cultural relics authorities saved the residence by placing it under national protection.
The residence of the Ming Dynasty has been refurbished with the funds from the Ningbo Municipal Government. Today, it doubles as Zhang Cangshui Memorial Temple, open to the general public.
I went through the residence reverently. In the main hall is a large oil painting scroll portraying his combats against invading Qing army. The study in the west wing where he was born has been turned into a gallery displaying his manuscripts. Outside the gate of the residence is a statue of the general wearing armors and helmet, his left hand on the handle of a word and his right hand holding a long gown. The compound is encircled with a lawn and flanked by rows of trees. The compound ground is paved with square bricks. The residence now sits between Dr. Sun Yet-san Square and Sun Yet-san Park.
Barracks on Hua’ao Island
On the morning of March 31st, 2011, I went to the Hua’ao Island in Xiangshan County situated in the middle point of the coastline of Zhejiang Province. The 9.83-km2 island is home to more than ten relics of the military barracks and farmlands. Built more than three hundred years ago, the relics still show the structures of the military compound: living quarters, training grounds, underground tunnels.
The island served as Zhang’s military base for his four north expeditions. His fourth and last expedition started in 1659. His six-thousand-men navy sailed into the Yangtze River and restored a large area. But the expedition failed at last. His army was wiped out. He came back to Hua’ao Island with only a few followers. Betrayed by a former soldier, the island was known by the Qing Dynasty. Zhang was arrested on July 27, 1664, twenty years after the Qing Dynasty had formerly replaced the Ming. He was executed in Hangzhou on September 7, 1664.
Tomb on the West Lake
He was buried at the foot of Lizhi Peak of Nanping Hills on the south of the West Lake. On the two sides of his tomb are the tombs of three: two assistants and one boatman. Over the last three hundred years, the tombs have been restored eight times. In 1776, the Qing Dynasty conferred a title of martyr on him. In the early 1992, the Hangzhou City Government restored Zhang Cangshui Memorial Temple on the former site and refurbished the tombs and the whole burial ground and a passage. A 3-meter-tall statue of Zhang Cangshui now stands inside the temple. Three large plaques, with inscriptions handwritten by Sha Menghai, Qigong and Shen Ding’an, all great calligraphers of 20th-century China, now hang in the temple. Eight murals in the temple depict episodes of Zhang’s life.
It is said that the West Lake would look hedonistic but for the tombs of Yue Fei, Yu Qian and Zhang Cangshui, three national heroes that fought for national restoration. The West Lake is lucky to be the resting places of the heroes. They add a touch of solemnity to the lake and make its beauty graceful.
On April 4, a day before the Qingming Festival, I received a text message from Zhang Cheng. He asked me to present a flower basket to the tomb of Zhang Cangshui. On April 5th, I visited the tomb and placed two flower baskets in front of the tomb, one on behalf of Zhang Cheng and one in my own name.□
好一幢书香缕缕的故居
世人应该庆幸，张苍水的故居、一幢明代古建筑，仍然完好地保存在宁波市中心。
3月31日下午，记者在张苍水十九世后裔张诚的陪同下驱车赶往那里。这是一座重檐歇山顶式的二层建筑，青砖黑瓦，坐北朝南，门楼雕砖，重檐正楼及东西二层厢房组成三合院落，西庭院连着一层五开间硬山顶建筑。还有赤柱红板，门窗镂花，透着缕缕书香的书房。
明万历四十八年（1620）九月十九日，张苍水就诞生在这个书香之家。祖父给他取名煌言，字玄箸，日后却以苍水之号名震天下。
正是在这座建筑面积1724平方米、有着舒适书房和宽阔院落的屋子，自幼聪颖过人的张苍水饱读诗书，过目成诵，为后来的《北征集》《冰槎集》《采薇吟》等惊世诗文打下坚实基础。也正是在这个庭院，极喜习武的张苍水闻鸡起舞，挥刀击剑。年方弱冠，武艺超群，在乡试中箭无虚发，一鸣惊人。
而当国家危亡之秋，张苍水毅然散尽家财，奋举义旗，投入南明军旅，戎马倥偬19年，书写了壮丽的人生篇章。
然而，上世纪90年代，宁波旧城改造期间，围绕这幢建筑的拆留问题却曾有过一番意见交锋。经过36家媒体和大批有识之士同声相应，奔走呼号，国家文物部门高度重视和张诚的积极努力，终于保住了这份珍贵的文化遗产。
后经宁波市政府拨款修缮，这座明代建筑已辟为“张苍水纪念馆”对外开放。中堂绘有《张苍水一生》的巨幅油画，以历史长卷展示张苍水的风云历程和民族气节。中心雕塑为捻鬚闲坐的张苍水和座前小儿执子下棋的塑像，向观众展示“如果没有这场战争……”而应该有的生活。
张苍水出生的西厢书房，已辟为“冰槎讲堂”，展出英雄遗墨。正门外左侧塑有张苍水高大威武的戎装立像，戴头盔，穿甲胄，左手按剑，右手执袍，像在永远守护着故国和家园。
四围绿草如茵，碧树掩映，院内方砖铺地，古色古香；室内陈设井井有条，简明大方。整幢古建筑犹如一颗明珠，镶嵌在宁波中山广场与中山公园之间。
好一个兵营处处的岛屿
在张诚和当地干部的引导下，3月31日上午，记者登上了当年张苍水苦心经营多年和被执之地——象山县南田花岙岛。
在面积9.83平方公里的花岙岛上，至今保存着10多处兵营和屯田遗址。虽经300多年的风摧雨蚀，兵营遗址的整体格局依然清晰可见。城墙坍塌，残垣犹存；营房虽圮，房基可辨；校场斑驳，平地尚在；地道阻塞，穹口依稀。其规模之宏大，规划之周密，设施之完备，为明清时同类遗存所罕见。
置身其间，张苍水用诗歌描绘的景象仿佛重现眼前：“鸠工严部勒，治屋亦犹兵。据水轩辕法，依山壁垒横。短垣缭却月，中露贯长庚。只此扶桑国，居然细柳营。”
想当年，张苍水在此一声号令，千军排阵，金戈铁马，百舸竞发，曾是何等英雄气概！掘井汲水，屯田种粮；垒石为屋，糠菜充饥，又是何等艰苦卓绝！
1645年，张苍水与钱肃乐共举抗清义帜。抗清明将张名振迎接鲁王监国至象山石浦之南田，张苍水即“归别父母妻子，扈王石浦”，使鲁王得以喘息。从此，张苍水以花岙岛为抗清基地，三渡闽关，四入长江，“楼船沉浮三千里，义帜纵横二十年”。特别是1659年，张苍水水军以六千之众作为北征先锋，第四次挥师长江，势如破竹，直捣芜湖，一举攻下四府三州二十四县，赢得大江南北欢呼雀跃，吏民父老牛酒犒劳将士。惜乎主力友军郑成功兵败南京，致使张苍水义军腹背受敌，陷入重围，最终全军覆没。
张苍水历经艰难潜回花岙，仅带几名随从隐居花岙岛。
花岙亦名悬岙，岛上石林崚，地道纵横，依仗白猿放哨守夜，原本安然无恙。可恨叛徒出卖，白猿被诱，张苍水不幸于康熙三年（1664）七月二十七日被捕，随后壮烈牺牲。
现在，花岙兵营遗址已经得到重视和保护，当地政府在岛上建立了“张苍水纪念馆”，不时有学者和兵家前来研究考察，更有游人寻访，莘莘学子登岛学习、凭吊。绿树高天悬魂幡，山花着色祭英雄，萦系在花岙岛的英魂当与日月同辉。
好一座碧血支天的坟茔
张苍水受执第三日被解到宁波督府，浙江提督张杰恭谨以待：“待公久矣，今得一见。”张苍水冷语回答：“父死不能葬，国亡不能救，死有余罪。今日之事，但期速死而已。”
八月押抵杭州，总督赵廷臣以礼劝降，张苍水作《放歌》明志：“留纲常于万祀兮，垂节义于千龄。”康熙三年九月七日，方巾葛袍的张苍水被狱卒用竹舆抬到官巷口弼教坊刑场。张苍水从容下舆，遥望凤凰山一带景色，赞道：“好山色！”又口占绝命词：“我年适五九，复逢九月七。大厦已不支，成仁万事毕。”吟毕不愿下跪，坐而受刑，表现出崇高的民族气节。
对于死后的归宿，张苍水在被解往杭州途中所作《将入武陵二首》已表达愿望：“国破家亡欲何之？西子湖头有我师。日月双悬于氏墓，乾坤半壁岳家祠。渐将赤手分三席，敢为丹心借一枝。他日素车东浙路，怒涛岂必属鸱夷！”
张苍水被害后，他的同乡、友人、义士遵从烈士遗愿将他殓葬于杭州南屏山荔枝峰下，并将一同被害的参将罗子木、侍从杨冠玉、舟子三人分别葬于张苍水墓的两侧。此后300多年间曾8次修墓，乾隆四十一年（1776）赐谥“忠烈”。1992年初，杭州市大规模修整墓冢、墓地、墓道，并在原址上重建张苍水祠堂。祠内安放着3米高的张苍水塑像。沙孟海、启功、沈定庵三位著名书法家书写的“好山色”、“忠烈千秋”、“碧血支天”三块黑底金字的大匾高悬祠内，《投笔从戎》《保卫舟山》《从容就义》等8幅壁画，重现了张苍水爱国爱民、壮怀激烈的一生。
张苍水墓背依南屏山，面向西子湖，青石砌成的圆形拱墓覆有黄土青草。整个墓地显得古雅、朴实、庄严。
妩媚西子，原本歌舞沉醉，充斥着太多的脂粉气息。幸赖岳飞、于谦、张苍水三位民族英雄忠骨归葬，她才显得更加灵秀壮美。
清明节前一日，收到张诚手机短信：“代我向张苍水陵前献个花篮。”我不负所托，于清明节一早购好两只花篮，一只写道：“先祖张苍水永垂不朽。十九世后裔张诚敬献。”另一只乃记者所献，并书挽联“廿年战将，英名不朽；万世雄才，精神永存！”虔敬地献于张苍水墓前。□
My Visit to Relics of Zhang Cangshui
By Fu Tongxian
Zhang Cangshui (1620-1664) is considered the most heroic martyr of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and the most important man in the history of Zhejiang Province. He is remembered for his patriotism and heroism. Before the Qingming Festival this year, I visited sites concerning his life and death.
Former Residence in Downtown Ningbo
His former residence, a structure in the architectural style of the Ming Dynasty, stands in the downtown Ningbo. With Zhang Cheng, the 19th-generation descendent of the great martyr, I visited the residence on the afternoon of March 31st, 2011.
The two-storied structure stands facing the south. The large compound is divided into three sections. Zhang Cangshui was born into this house of scholars on September 19, 1620. He grew up here studying Chinese classics and practicing martial arts. When the Ming Dynasty crashed, replaced by the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Cangshui organized a resistance army and fought for the lost cause for 19 years.
The residence was to be demolished in the 1990s when the city planners dreamed up a development project that disregarded the existence of the compound. A heated debate broke loose. Efforts to save the residence went aborted. The water and electricity supplies were cut off and bulldozers came. Zhang Cheng, a translator by profession, sat in the study of the residence day and night. Armed with a sword, he swore to live and die with his ancestor’s legacy. Thirty-six news media and a large group of people called for preserving the martyr’s residence. The state cultural relics authorities saved the residence by placing it under national protection.
The residence of the Ming Dynasty has been refurbished with the funds from the Ningbo Municipal Government. Today, it doubles as Zhang Cangshui Memorial Temple, open to the general public.
I went through the residence reverently. In the main hall is a large oil painting scroll portraying his combats against invading Qing army. The study in the west wing where he was born has been turned into a gallery displaying his manuscripts. Outside the gate of the residence is a statue of the general wearing armors and helmet, his left hand on the handle of a word and his right hand holding a long gown. The compound is encircled with a lawn and flanked by rows of trees. The compound ground is paved with square bricks. The residence now sits between Dr. Sun Yet-san Square and Sun Yet-san Park.
Barracks on Hua’ao Island
On the morning of March 31st, 2011, I went to the Hua’ao Island in Xiangshan County situated in the middle point of the coastline of Zhejiang Province. The 9.83-km2 island is home to more than ten relics of the military barracks and farmlands. Built more than three hundred years ago, the relics still show the structures of the military compound: living quarters, training grounds, underground tunnels.
The island served as Zhang’s military base for his four north expeditions. His fourth and last expedition started in 1659. His six-thousand-men navy sailed into the Yangtze River and restored a large area. But the expedition failed at last. His army was wiped out. He came back to Hua’ao Island with only a few followers. Betrayed by a former soldier, the island was known by the Qing Dynasty. Zhang was arrested on July 27, 1664, twenty years after the Qing Dynasty had formerly replaced the Ming. He was executed in Hangzhou on September 7, 1664.
Tomb on the West Lake
He was buried at the foot of Lizhi Peak of Nanping Hills on the south of the West Lake. On the two sides of his tomb are the tombs of three: two assistants and one boatman. Over the last three hundred years, the tombs have been restored eight times. In 1776, the Qing Dynasty conferred a title of martyr on him. In the early 1992, the Hangzhou City Government restored Zhang Cangshui Memorial Temple on the former site and refurbished the tombs and the whole burial ground and a passage. A 3-meter-tall statue of Zhang Cangshui now stands inside the temple. Three large plaques, with inscriptions handwritten by Sha Menghai, Qigong and Shen Ding’an, all great calligraphers of 20th-century China, now hang in the temple. Eight murals in the temple depict episodes of Zhang’s life.
It is said that the West Lake would look hedonistic but for the tombs of Yue Fei, Yu Qian and Zhang Cangshui, three national heroes that fought for national restoration. The West Lake is lucky to be the resting places of the heroes. They add a touch of solemnity to the lake and make its beauty graceful.
On April 4, a day before the Qingming Festival, I received a text message from Zhang Cheng. He asked me to present a flower basket to the tomb of Zhang Cangshui. On April 5th, I visited the tomb and placed two flower baskets in front of the tomb, one on behalf of Zhang Cheng and one in my own name.□