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在塞维斯与弗里德的人类社会演进理论发表之后 ,国际学术界进一步做了大量的田野调查与文化比较研究工作 ,其中引人注目的有约翰逊和厄尔的学说。本文介绍了他们人类社会演进理论的基本内容 ,着重分析了他们酋邦的定义 ,指出了其中在权力结构描述方面的不足 ,并使用中国材料予以了证明。本文结论是 ,他们的学说虽然并未对前人的理论有什么根本性的突破 ,但还是做出了一些重要的修订 ,这对于人类社会演进理论的深化研究 ,尤其是当前中国文明与国家起源的研究 ,具有着不可忽视的参考意义。
After the publication of the theory of the evolution of human society by Sevis and Fried, the international academic community has done a great deal of field investigation and cultural comparative research, among which there are notable theories of Johnson and Earle. This paper introduces the basic content of their theory of human social evolution, focuses on the definition of their chiefdom, points out the shortcomings in the description of the power structure, and uses the Chinese material to prove it. The conclusion of this paper is that although their theories did not make any fundamental breakthroughs in the theory of their predecessors, some important revisions were made, which deepen the study on the theory of the evolution of human society, especially the current Chinese civilization and the origin of the country Research, with a reference can not be ignored.