为测量机床主轴回转轴线与同向导轨间的平行度,研制了一种基于激光位移传感器的机床测头,并结合逼近式孔心定位法提出一种新的平行度检测方法。该方法以回转轴线不变为前提,借助一标准环规,让环规的同一截面位于主轴轴线的不同点,利用两次精确定位所获得的坐标值,计算导轨和机床回转轴线的平行度。利用该检测方法,可消除实物芯轴类测量方法所涉及的一些缺陷,可在主轴高速旋转时完成测量。实验证明,该方法能够完成机床主轴轴线与同向导轨平行度的测量,有望作为一种新的检测手段对机床进行校验。 In order to measure the parallelism between the spindle axis and the same direction of the machine tool spindle, a laser probe based on the laser displacement sensor was developed. A new method of parallelism detection was proposed based on the method of approximate center positioning. The method is based on the premise that the axis of rotation is constant. With a standard ring gauge, the same cross section of the ring gauge is located at different points of the spindle axis. By using the coordinates obtained twice precisely, the parallelism between the guide rail and the rotary axis of the machine tool is calculated. This test method eliminates some of the drawbacks associated with physical mandrel measurement methods and allows measurements to be taken while the spindle is rotating at high speed. Experiments show that this method can measure the parallelism between the spindle axis and the same direction of the machine tool and is expected to be used as a new testing method to check the machine tool.