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地震荷载下的孔隙水压力量测准确性与可靠性对判别场地液化和构建单元本构模型极为关键,是带有高频、瞬时特点的动力离心模型试验中一个值得学者们关注和重视的问题。与传统Druck孔隙水压计对比,介绍了两种可替代的新型传感器基本参数和结构组成,通过物理试验和数值模拟分析了三种传感器的响应性能和影响因素。静态水压试验和动力离心模型试验表明,三种传感器在静态响应上结果相对一致,而动态响应上具有显著滞后和幅值差别。数值模拟实验分析了主要元件对传感器频响特性的影响,其中透水石尺寸与频响能力关系密切。主要研究结论和方法,证明建立孔隙水压量测可靠性评价方法和开展动态频响改进设计研究十分必要。
The accuracy and reliability of pore water pressure measurement under seismic load are very important for discriminating the field liquefaction and building constitutive model of unit. It is a problem worthy of scholars’ attention and attention in the dynamic centrifugal model test with high frequency and instantaneous characteristics . Compared with the traditional Druck pore water pressure gauge, the basic parameters and structure components of two alternative new sensors are introduced. The response performance and influencing factors of the three sensors are analyzed through physical experiments and numerical simulation. Static hydrostatic test and dynamic centrifugal model test show that the three sensors have relatively uniform static response and significant dynamic response with hysteresis and amplitude difference. The numerical simulation experiment analyzes the influence of the main components on the frequency response characteristics of the sensor, in which the size of the water-permeable stone is closely related to the frequency response capability. The main conclusions and methods are proved that it is necessary to establish the reliability assessment method of pore water pressure measurement and to carry out dynamic frequency response design.