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目的 :分析新生儿惊厥的临床特点。方法 :回顾性分析我院收治新生儿惊厥 86例的临床资料 ,其中男 5 6例 ,女 3 0例 ,男∶女为 1 87∶1。结果 :出生后二周内惊厥发作者 71例 ,占 82 6%。惊厥发作类型 :微细型 3 8例 ,强直型 19例 ,多灶阵挛型 15例 ,限局性阵挛型 12例 ,全身性肌阵挛型 2例。以微细型为最多见 ,全身肌阵挛型少见。发病原因以缺氧缺血性脑病为最多 ,占3 7 2 % ,其次为颅内出血 ,占 2 2 1% ,低钙血症占 11 6%。本组死亡病例 7例 ,占 8 1%。结论 :新生儿惊厥病因及临床表现多种多样 ,颅内出血及缺氧缺血性脑病重型预后较差。低血糖症、低钙血症等代谢异常者预后良好。此外 ,早产儿及惊厥发作日龄越小则预后越差。治疗中须病因诊断及对症治疗同时进行 ,病因诊断一经确定 ,应立即行原发病治疗 ,可提高治愈率 ,改善预后和减少病死率。
Objective: To analyze the clinical features of neonatal convulsion. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 86 cases of neonatal convulsions in our hospital clinical data, including 56 males and 30 females, males and females was 87: 1. Results: 71 cases of seizures occurred within two weeks after birth, accounting for 82.6%. Seizures types: 38 cases of fine type, 19 cases of straightening, 15 cases of multifocality, 12 cases of limiting clonus, 2 cases of general myoclonus. To the most common type, systemic myoclonus rare. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy was the most common cause, accounting for 37.2%, followed by intracranial hemorrhage, accounting for 21.2% and hypocalcemia accounting for 11.6%. 7 cases of death in this group, accounting for 81%. Conclusion: The etiology and clinical manifestations of neonatal convulsions are diverse. The prognosis of intracranial hemorrhage and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is poor. Hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia and other metabolic abnormalities have a good prognosis. In addition, premature babies and seizures age smaller the prognosis is worse. Treatment should be etiological diagnosis and symptomatic treatment at the same time, etiological diagnosis once determined, should be the original line of treatment, can improve the cure rate, improve prognosis and reduce mortality.