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目的了解同期住院儿童血液病患者的膳食结构及营养状况,进行正确合理的膳食指导,制定切实可行的膳食治疗方案,促进疾病的恢复。方法采用24 h膳食回顾和连续7 d膳食记录法,指导患儿家长按照范例详细记录其连续7 d早、中、晚三餐及加餐的食物种类和数量;用膳食数据库计算患者膳食中各种营养素的摄入量后进行评价。结果大部分患儿能量及蛋白质的摄入不足,平均摄入量分别为1825.81千卡/标准人日及67.68 g标/准人日,各占推荐摄入量的73.62%及81.34%;各病种之间维生素摄入差别较大,其中维生素E、核黄素摄入相对充足,维生素A、硫胺素、维生素C摄入不足;矿物质中钙、锌摄入严重不足,铁、硒摄入相对充足;能量及大多数其他各种营养素来源较合理。结论该期住院的血液病大部分患儿的能量、蛋白质、维生素A、硫胺素、维生素C、钙、锌摄入水平较低,膳食结构及营养素的摄入情况有待进一步改善。
Objective To understand the dietary structure and nutritional status of patients with hematological diseases in hospitalized children during the same period, to provide proper and proper dietary guidance, to formulate feasible dietary regimens and to promote the recovery of diseases. Methods 24 h dietary review and 7 d continuous dietary records were used to guide parents of children to record the types and quantities of the three meals of early, middle and late meals and snacks for 7 consecutive days according to the sample. The dietary database Nutrient intake after the assessment. Results Most of the children had inadequate intake of energy and protein. The average intake was 1825.81 kcal / standard daily and 67.68 g standard / quasi-daily respectively, accounting for 73.62% and 81.34% of the recommended intake, respectively; There is a big difference between the intake of vitamins, of which vitamin E, riboflavin intake is relatively adequate, vitamin A, thiamine, vitamin C inadequate intake of minerals calcium, zinc serious shortage of intake of iron and selenium Relatively adequate; energy and most other sources of nutrients is more reasonable. Conclusions The majority of children with in-hospital hematological diseases have low intake of energy, protein, vitamin A, thiamine, vitamin C, calcium and zinc, and their dietary structure and nutrient needs to be further improved.