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[摘要] 目的 探讨单采血小板与混合血小板在血液采集制备过程中细菌污染的危险程度,为血小板的采集制备过程中改良工艺,提高输血安全性提供可靠数据。 方法 采用生物梅里埃公司生产的BaeT/Alert 3D 全自动细菌培养仪及应用需氧瓶(BPA Culture Bottle)、厌氧瓶(BPN Culture Bottle)对5210例单采血小板,1653例混合血小板进行了细菌培养,细菌培养阳性者转种,转种阳性者进行细菌鉴定。 结果 在5210例单采血小板细菌培养经确定阳性6例,阳性率为1.15‰;1653例混合血小板中细菌培养经确定阳性10例,阳性率6.05‰。 结论 混合血小板细菌培养阳性率(6.05‰)高于单采血小板(1.15‰),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);血小板细菌污染情况仍然严峻,应引起注意。
[关键词] 单采血小板;浓缩血小板;混合血小板;细菌污染;细菌培养
[中图分类号] R446.5 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616(2014)11-119-03
Analysis of bacterial culture results of two types of platelet products
LIN Dong1 CUI Siping1 SU Wanlan1 CHEN Baochan2 YE Zhujiang1
1.Dongguan Central Blood Station,Dongguan 523930,China;2.Department of Blood Transfusion,Dongguan Donghua Hospital, Dongguan 523110,China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the criticality of bacterial pollution in the blood collection and preparation process of single donor platelets and mixed platelets in order to provide reliable data for improving the technology in the collection and preparation process of platelets and improving the blood transfusion safety. Methods The BaeT/Alert 3D Full-Automatic Bacterial Culture System produced by BioMérieux and the BPA Culture Bottle and BPN Culture Bottle were used for the bacterial culture of 5210 cases of single donor platelets and 1653 cases of mixed platelets.The samples showing g positive bacterial culture results received subcultivation and the subcultivated sample showing positive results received bacterial identification. Results Of the 5210 cases of single donor platelets,bacterial culture confirmed 6 positive cases,with the positive rate of 1.15‰.Of the 1653 cases of mixed platelets,bacterial culture confirmed 10 positive cases,with the positive rate of 6.05‰. Conclusion The positive bacterial culture rate of mixed platelets (6.05‰)is higher than that of the single donor platelets (1.15‰), with statistically significant difference(P<0.01).The bacterial pollution situation of platelets is still severe and needs attention.
[Key words] Single donor platelets;Concentrated platelet;Mixed platelet;Bacterial pollution;Bacterial culture
血液制品是细菌生长的天然培养基,尤其是血小板制品是在(22±2)℃条件下水平振荡保存5d,如果血小板采集制备过程中有少数细菌污染,它也能够快速在血小板制品中繁殖并造成血液污染。随着社会的发展,医疗水平的提高,临床输血安全也受到重视。目前虽然严格进行献血者的筛选,提高了酶免的检测水平,增加了核酸检测技术的应用,但血液(特别是血小板)的细菌污染问题依然存在,因此国内部分血站对血小板制品进行细菌培养,以减少细菌污染的血液用于临床。本血站于2003年以来就对血小板制品进行细菌培养,现对我站2011~2012年血小板制品细菌培养结果进行分析,报道如下。
1 材料与方法
1.1 标本来源
2011年1月~2012年12月,东莞市无偿捐献的单采血小板5210例;利用全血制备的混合血小板1653例。
1.1.1 留取单采血小板的细菌培养标本 根据《献血者健康检查要求》的血小板采集要求,对无偿献血者进行体格检查、血常规、乙肝表面抗原、转氨酶等项目快速检查合格后,用血细胞分离机进行血小板采集,将最先采集的15mL血液流进标本小袋,采集完毕后血小板放于(22±2)℃水平振荡条件下保存24h后,留取8~12mL培养样本。
1.1.2 留取混合血小板的细菌培养标本 用一次性三联采血袋(300mL、400mL)采集的全血,在采集后6h内用富含血小板血浆法(PRP)制备浓缩血小板,制备完毕后血小板放于(22±2)℃条件下水平振荡保存24h。将各项检验结果合格的5~7袋血型相同的浓缩血小板,使用无菌接驳机进行接驳,制备成一个治疗量的混合血小板,留取(8~12)mL培养样本。
1.2 主要仪器与试剂
BaeT/Alert 3D全自动细菌培养仪、需氧瓶、厌氧瓶(美国生物梅里埃公司),生物安全柜(造鑫企业有公司),Cryofuge6000i 离心机(德国Heraeus),XHZ-IB血小板恒温振荡保存箱(苏州市医用仪器厂),Msc+血细胞分离机,Amicus血细胞分离机,Trima Accel血细胞分离机,Compomat G4血液成分分离机(德国费森尤斯),LMB血液成分分离机(德国),TSCD无菌接驳机(日本泰尔茂),配套使用一次性全封闭管道系统(血小板耗材),一次性使用注射器等。
[关键词] 单采血小板;浓缩血小板;混合血小板;细菌污染;细菌培养
[中图分类号] R446.5 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616(2014)11-119-03
Analysis of bacterial culture results of two types of platelet products
LIN Dong1 CUI Siping1 SU Wanlan1 CHEN Baochan2 YE Zhujiang1
1.Dongguan Central Blood Station,Dongguan 523930,China;2.Department of Blood Transfusion,Dongguan Donghua Hospital, Dongguan 523110,China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the criticality of bacterial pollution in the blood collection and preparation process of single donor platelets and mixed platelets in order to provide reliable data for improving the technology in the collection and preparation process of platelets and improving the blood transfusion safety. Methods The BaeT/Alert 3D Full-Automatic Bacterial Culture System produced by BioMérieux and the BPA Culture Bottle and BPN Culture Bottle were used for the bacterial culture of 5210 cases of single donor platelets and 1653 cases of mixed platelets.The samples showing g positive bacterial culture results received subcultivation and the subcultivated sample showing positive results received bacterial identification. Results Of the 5210 cases of single donor platelets,bacterial culture confirmed 6 positive cases,with the positive rate of 1.15‰.Of the 1653 cases of mixed platelets,bacterial culture confirmed 10 positive cases,with the positive rate of 6.05‰. Conclusion The positive bacterial culture rate of mixed platelets (6.05‰)is higher than that of the single donor platelets (1.15‰), with statistically significant difference(P<0.01).The bacterial pollution situation of platelets is still severe and needs attention.
[Key words] Single donor platelets;Concentrated platelet;Mixed platelet;Bacterial pollution;Bacterial culture
血液制品是细菌生长的天然培养基,尤其是血小板制品是在(22±2)℃条件下水平振荡保存5d,如果血小板采集制备过程中有少数细菌污染,它也能够快速在血小板制品中繁殖并造成血液污染。随着社会的发展,医疗水平的提高,临床输血安全也受到重视。目前虽然严格进行献血者的筛选,提高了酶免的检测水平,增加了核酸检测技术的应用,但血液(特别是血小板)的细菌污染问题依然存在,因此国内部分血站对血小板制品进行细菌培养,以减少细菌污染的血液用于临床。本血站于2003年以来就对血小板制品进行细菌培养,现对我站2011~2012年血小板制品细菌培养结果进行分析,报道如下。
1 材料与方法
1.1 标本来源
2011年1月~2012年12月,东莞市无偿捐献的单采血小板5210例;利用全血制备的混合血小板1653例。
1.1.1 留取单采血小板的细菌培养标本 根据《献血者健康检查要求》的血小板采集要求,对无偿献血者进行体格检查、血常规、乙肝表面抗原、转氨酶等项目快速检查合格后,用血细胞分离机进行血小板采集,将最先采集的15mL血液流进标本小袋,采集完毕后血小板放于(22±2)℃水平振荡条件下保存24h后,留取8~12mL培养样本。
1.1.2 留取混合血小板的细菌培养标本 用一次性三联采血袋(300mL、400mL)采集的全血,在采集后6h内用富含血小板血浆法(PRP)制备浓缩血小板,制备完毕后血小板放于(22±2)℃条件下水平振荡保存24h。将各项检验结果合格的5~7袋血型相同的浓缩血小板,使用无菌接驳机进行接驳,制备成一个治疗量的混合血小板,留取(8~12)mL培养样本。
1.2 主要仪器与试剂
BaeT/Alert 3D全自动细菌培养仪、需氧瓶、厌氧瓶(美国生物梅里埃公司),生物安全柜(造鑫企业有公司),Cryofuge6000i 离心机(德国Heraeus),XHZ-IB血小板恒温振荡保存箱(苏州市医用仪器厂),Msc+血细胞分离机,Amicus血细胞分离机,Trima Accel血细胞分离机,Compomat G4血液成分分离机(德国费森尤斯),LMB血液成分分离机(德国),TSCD无菌接驳机(日本泰尔茂),配套使用一次性全封闭管道系统(血小板耗材),一次性使用注射器等。