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针对红透山铜矿岩爆等地压灾害频发现状,建立深部地压微震监测系统,对微震活动性与采矿活动之间的关系、微震事件的空间活动规律进行了分析,并采用累积视体积和能量指数对大尺度岩体破裂进行了预测研究。采用人工定位爆破的定位结果表明:微震监测系统的定位误差小于10 m,能够满足矿山微震监测的需要。微震活动性主要分为2个平静期和3个活跃期。并呈现逐步下降趋势,微震活动性呈现主震——余震型模式。大尺度岩体破裂前存在孕育期和预警期,能量指数快速下降,累积视体积持续增长,可以看作岩爆和大尺度岩体破裂发生的前兆。通过能量指数和位移分布云图,可以对岩体发生灾害的潜在危险区域进行判断,指导矿山进行重点防护管理,保证安全生产。
Aiming at the frequent occurrence of rock burst and other underground pressure hazards in Hongtoushan copper mine, a deep pressure microseismic monitoring system is established, and the relationship between microseismic activity and mining activity and the spatial activity of microseismic events are analyzed. The volume and energy index predict the rupture of large-scale rock masses. The results of positioning using artificial positioning blasting show that the positioning error of microseismic monitoring system is less than 10 m, which can meet the needs of mine microseismic monitoring. Microseismic activity is divided into two quiet periods and three active periods. And showed a gradual downward trend, microseismic activity showed the main shock - aftershock-type mode. Before the rupture of large-scale rock mass, there existed the period of gestation and warning, the energy index decreased rapidly and the cumulative apparent volume continued to grow, which could be regarded as a precursor of rock burst and large-scale rock mass rupture. Through the energy index and displacement distribution cloud map, the potential danger area of the rock mass disaster can be judged, and the mine can be guided to focus on the protection and management to ensure the safe production.