由于具有较高的效率及可控的热影响,纳秒激光加工在工业中具有较大的应用潜力。该加工方式与具有超快特性的飞秒激光加工和具有准稳态特性的长脉冲激光加工都不同,其加工的结构同时与激光能量在材料中的传导过程、材料的去除过程和熔池内液态材料的喷溅过程相关,所以结构参数难以预测。基于激光的高斯光束特性推导了纳秒激光多脉冲加工微孔孔径随激光脉冲能量的变化规律,并通过纳秒激光在铝合金板上的实验对推导的规律进行验证。结果表明,激光加工微孔孔径随能量的变化规律基本满足R2∝ln(E);孔径随激光脉冲数量的增大而增大,但增大的趋势不明显;孔径随离焦距离的增大而增大。以上这些结果对激光打孔及激光珩磨等工艺一定指导意义。 Due to its high efficiency and controllable thermal effects, nanosecond laser processing has great potential in the industry. The processing method and the ultra-fast femtosecond laser processing and quasi-steady-state characteristics of the long pulse laser processing are different, the processing of the same time with the laser energy in the material conduction process, the material removal process and the molten pool liquid Material splashing process, so the structural parameters are difficult to predict. Based on the Gaussian beam characteristics of laser, the variation law of micropore diameter with laser pulse energy of nanosecond laser multi-pulse processing was deduced, and the deduced rule was verified by experiment of nanosecond laser on aluminum alloy plate. The results show that the laser aperture diameter can basically satisfy R2αln (E) with the variation of energy. The aperture increases with the increase of laser pulse number, but the increasing trend is not obvious. The aperture increases with the increase of defocus distance Increase. These results on the laser drilling and laser honing process is of guiding significance.