目的:研究维持性血液透析患者幽门螺杆菌(HP)的感染率并分析感染相关危险因素。方法:采用横断面调查研究方法选取2018年8月本院肾内科的190例血液透析患者为研究对象，选取同期本院体检中心健康体检人群18 375例为对照组，分析血液透析患者与健康人群HP感染率的差别。然后根据是否感染HP，将血液透析患者分为HP阴性组(163例)和HP阳性组(27例)。采用多因素回归分析两组患者的基础情况以及实验室检测指标，分析血液透析患者感染HP的高危因素。结果:血液透析患者和健康体检者感染HP的发生率分别为14.21%(27/190)和22.20%(4072/18375)，差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。HP阳性组血小板计数、血小板压积、球蛋白、总胆汁酸、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)/天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)比值较HP阴性组升高(n P<0.05)，而血红蛋白、红细胞压积较HP阴性组明显降低(n P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果：总胆汁酸(n OR＝1.057，95%n CI：1.001～1.115，n P＝0.045)、ALT/AST比值(n OR＝3.950，95%n CI：1.149～13.581，n P＝0.029)是血液透析患者感染HP的独立危险因素。n 结论:血液透析患者感染HP的发生率较健康普通人群低。总胆汁酸、ALT/AST比值是血液透析患者感染HP的独立危险因素。“,”Objective:To explore the prevalence of helicobacter pylori(HP) infection and risk factors in patients who were receiving hemodialysis(HD).Methods:During August 2018, 190 HD patients and control group of 18375 health check-up people of the physical examination center of the hospital at the same intervals as the control group were selected by the cross-sectional survey method. The prevalence of HP between HD patients and healthy people was analyzed. Secondly, HD patients were divided into HP-positive(27 patients) and HP-negative(163 patients). Finally, Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of HP infection in hemodialysis patients by comparing the basic conditions and the clinical indicators.Results:The prevalence of HP infection in hemodialysis patients and healthy people was 14.20% and 22.20%, and the difference was statistically significant(n P<0.05). The basic condition and clinical indicators of HP positive group and HP negative group were analyzed, and the cause of renal failure may play an important role in HP infection.The platelet count, platelet hematocrit, globulin, total bile acid, ALT/AST ratio in HP positive group were significantly higher than those in HP negative group(n P<0.05), while the hemoglobin and hematocrit were significantly lower than those in HP negative group(n P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that total bile acid(n OR=1.057, 95%n CI: 1.001-1.115, n P=0.045), ALT/AST ratio(n OR=3.950, 95%n CI: 1.149-13.581, n P=0.029) were independent risk factors for HP infection in hemodialysis patients.n Conclusions:The incidence of HP infection in hemodialysis patients is 14.20%, which is lower than that of healthy people.Total bile acid and ALT/AST ratios are independent risk factors for HP infection in hemodialysis patients.