基于襟怀褶积模型的地震道反演中，由于存在波阻抗与反射系数的速推关系式，所以反演结果必定受到波阻抗逆推公式的影响，特别是要受到第一个波阻抗值即初值的影响。初位选择不同会出现反演的多解性；初值选择不当，会导致低频分量、相对波阻抗及岩层厚度的错误，产生地震解释的陷附。本文用带限反演、稀疏脉冲反演和宽带约束庆演方法模型试算，阐明了初值偏差的影响，并提出了实际反演中，选准初值以降低初估偏差影响的实用方法。 Because of the fast push-pull relationship between wave impedance and reflection coefficient, the inversion results are bound to be affected by the inverse of the wave impedance, especially the first wave impedance value The impact of initial value. The initial selection of different will appear the multi-solution of inversion; the inappropriate choice of initial value, will lead to low frequency components, relative impedance and rock thickness error, resulting in the seismic interpretation of the trap. In this paper, the experimental results of band-limited inversion, sparse pulse inversion and broadband constrained method are used to illustrate the influence of initial bias and to propose a practical method to reduce initial bias in actual inversion .