由细菌感染引起的休克在临床上颇为常见.但它直至第二次世界大战以后才渐为医家所重视.大家都认为各种革兰氏阳性细菌、革兰氏阴性细菌、立克次体以及病毒感染都可引起末梢血管虚脱及低血压.抗菌素的问世引起了传染病的发病率与处理的显著改变,革兰氏阳性细菌感染以肺炎双球菌与链球菌为代表,它的发病率与严重性已有巨大的下降;相反,革兰氏阴性细菌感染在上述两方面却有日渐增加的趋势.Weil氏认为这种改变可归纳于两个基本因素:一是革兰氏阳性细菌受到了化学治疗的有效控制,一是大部分革兰氏阴性细菌对常用的抗菌素出现了高度的抗药性.他又从许多不同病人的研究中得出了这样的结果,即原来那些栖息在肠道内的相对不致病菌株,如大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、产气杆菌、变形杆菌、产硷杆菌以及付大肠杆菌 Shock caused by bacterial infections is quite clinically common, but it did not become apparent to the medical community until after World War II. It is thought that all Gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, rickettsia As well as viral infections can cause peripheral vascular collapse and hypotension. The advent of antibiotics caused a significant change in the incidence and treatment of infectious diseases, Gram-positive bacterial infections with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus, its incidence and Gram-negative bacterial infections, on the contrary, have shown an increasing trend in both of these areas, and Weil believes the change can be summarized in two fundamental factors: first, Gram-positive bacteria are affected The effective control of chemotherapy is that most Gram-negative bacteria are highly resistant to the commonly used antibiotics, and from many different patient studies he has come to the conclusion that those who inhabit the gut Relative non-pathogenic strains, such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aerobacter aerogenes, Proteus, Alcaligenes and Escherichia coli