社会—国家关系既是一种社会理论的研究路径,又是人类社会一种具体的政治共同体形态。本文借鉴政治社会学中的社会—国家关系这一分析框架,运用有别于我国宪法学界传统研究方法的实证分析法,探讨了宪法生成和宪法变迁等宪法学基本问题,揭示了人权和人民主权的产生,以及公民权利和国家权力演变的历史依据和社会基础。同时还以社会—国家关系模式之发展规律为依据,提出:相互控制和相互支持的良性的社会与国家关系模式,应是中国宪政建设和现代化建设理想的目标选择,并尝试从完善“公民权利—国家权力”结构的角度对此进行了具体建构。 Social-state relations are both a research approach to social theory and a concrete form of political community in human society. This article uses the analytical framework of social-state relations in political sociology for reference. By using the empirical analysis method different from the traditional research methods of constitutional scholars in our country, this article explores the fundamental issues of constitutional law such as constitutional development and constitutional change, reveals human rights and people’s sovereignty As well as the historical basis and social foundation of the evolution of civil rights and state power. At the same time, based on the law of development of the social-state relations model, this paper proposes that a benign social-state relationship model of mutual control and mutual support should be the target choice of China’s constitutional construction and modernization ideality, Rights - state power "structure point of view of this specific construction.