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本文考察了测定非市场活动的国民经济核算设计的若干问题。建议运用国民经济核算原理作为测定非市场活动的原则性指南。按照这一原理,非市场货物与服务将视同在市场活动中生产和消费。主要的例外是外部性分解,其将外部的影响视为非市场生产和内含转移的结合。非市场核算存在的主要问题是数据的普遍缺乏,非市场生产和资产的“零问题”及非市场活动范围的确定等。最后指出非市场核算最重要的数据需求是对人口的综合性时间利用数据,提出了时间利用的若干概念问题。
This article examines several issues in the design of national accounts for non-market activities. It is recommended that the principles of national accounts be used as a guide for the principle of non-market activities. According to this principle, non-market goods and services will be treated as if they were produced and consumed in marketing activities. The main exception is the decomposition of externalities, which treats external influences as a combination of non-market production and embedded transfers. The main problems in non-market accounting are the general lack of data, the “zero problems” of non-market production and assets and the determination of the scope of non-market activities. Finally, it is pointed out that the most important data requirement of non-market accounting is the comprehensive time-use data of population, and put forward some conceptual problems of time utilization.