It is considered as an important and effective means to give priority to the development of public transit which can improve the efficiency of transportation resources utilization and alleviate traffic jams. Public transit signal priority belongs to the “time priority” among the right-of-way priorities. After reviewing the existing bus priority signal control strategies and the advances in related technologies at home and abroad, this article analyzed the breakthrough direction of the bus signal priority design technologies suitable for China’s conditions, and then proposed the hardware and software systems and the modules for the bus priority signal control system. Finally, the hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) was introduced to evaluate bus priority signal control programs in order to optimize the control strategies. It is considered as an important and effective means to give priority to the development of public transit which can improve the efficiency of transportation resources utilization and alleviate traffic jams. Public transit signal priority belongs to the “time priority” among the right-of -way priorities. After reviewing the existing bus priority signal control strategies and the advances in related technologies at home and abroad, this article analyzed the breakthrough direction of the bus signal priority design technologies suitable for China’s conditions, and then proposed the hardware and software systems and the modules for the bus priority signal control system. Finally, the hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) was introduced to evaluate bus priority signal control programs in order to optimize the control strategies.