介绍全极化雷达影像数据处理和分析中常用的Pauli分解、特征值分解、Freeman-Durden三分量分解和Yamaguchi四分量分解方法的原理。利用RADARSAT-2拍摄的武汉地区全极化影像进行相关试验,并对试验结果进行分析,比较得出各种方法的特点。最后对如何更有效地使用各种分解方法进行探讨。 This paper introduces the principle of Pauli decomposition, eigenvalue decomposition, Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition and Yamaguchi four-component decomposition in polarimetric radar image data processing and analysis. Using RADARSAT-2 images of the total polarization in Wuhan conducted relevant tests, and the test results were analyzed, and come to the characteristics of various methods. Finally, we discuss how to use various decomposition methods more effectively.