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3D打印技术的发展对现有的知识产权法律制度造成一定的冲击。在著作权保护方面,符合独创性要求的3D打印文档才能构成作品,“打印”行为的性质认定要根据3D打印模型的不同具体分析。3D打印背景下,专利侵权的构成要件“为生产经营目的”在未来较长的一段时间内应当保留。在立法方面,需要考虑建立专利间接侵权制度,可以移植“避风港原则”相关规定解决网络环境下的专利侵权问题。此外,私人制作商标问题可以通过法律解释的方式予以解决。
The development of 3D printing technology has a certain impact on the existing intellectual property legal system. In terms of copyright protection, 3D printed documents conforming to the originality requirements constitute a work, and the nature of the “print” behavior is determined according to different specifics of the 3D printing model. Under the background of 3D printing, the constitutional elements of patent infringement “for the purpose of production and operation ” should be retained in the future for a long period of time. In terms of legislation, it is necessary to consider the establishment of a system of indirect patent infringement that can be transplanted to solve the problem of patent infringement under the network environment. In addition, the issue of private-label production can be solved by legal interpretation.