自主创新是一国经济发展、社会进步的重要动力。研发(R&D)投入能够通过促进科技进步、加快生产力发展产生经济效益,是增强一国科技创新能力的重要因素。本文基于系统协同论及离差原理,通过构建我国R&D投入、科技创新、经济效益三要素复合系统,测算该系统综合发展水平及协调度。研究表明:我国R&D投入、科技创新、经济效益复合系统的发展水平在波动中大幅提升,而协调度则在经历上升期后略有下滑,但基本处于良好协调水平。鉴于此,我国应以复合系统的协调发展为导向,在加大R&D投入的同时,兼顾提高科研体系管理能力,加快建设有效的科技创新激励机制,此外,还要完善市场导向的科技研发体系,促进新技术的市场化融合。 Independent innovation is an important impetus to a country's economic development and social progress. R & D (R & D) input can generate economic benefits through promoting scientific and technological progress and accelerating the development of productivity, which is an important factor in enhancing a country's ability to innovate in science and technology. Based on the theory of system coordination and dispersion, this article estimates the comprehensive development level and coordination of this system by constructing a compound system of three elements of R & D investment, technological innovation and economic benefits in our country. The research shows that the development level of China's composite system of R & D investment, science and technology innovation, and economic efficiency has risen sharply in volatility, while the coordination degree has declined slightly after experiencing the rising period, but basically at a good level of coordination. In view of this, our country should be guided by the coordinated development of complex systems. While increasing R & D investment, we should give consideration to improving the management ability of scientific research system and accelerating the establishment of an effective incentive mechanism for scientific and technological innovation. In addition, we need to improve the market-oriented R & D system, Promote market-oriented integration of new technologies.