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目的了解襄阳市市售蔬菜中农药残留现状,评估蔬菜中农药残留的慢性膳食暴露风险情况。方法 2012年-2016年随机采集襄阳市农贸市场和超市的蔬菜,按照《食品安全风险监测工作手册》方法检测样品中农药残留,采用食品安全指数法评估蔬菜中农药残留的慢性膳食暴露风险。结果 2012年-2016年共采集、检测各类蔬菜747份,襄阳市市售蔬菜农药残留检出率为10.58%,超标率为0.94%。叶菜类、茄果类、茎类、鲜豆类蔬菜农药检出率较高,检出率分别为14.4%、11.5%、23.3%、20.3%。各类蔬菜超标率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。检出农药以拟除虫菊酯类为主。各类农药超标率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。慢性膳食暴露评估表明,所有检出农药的食品安全指数均<1。结论襄阳市蔬菜中农药残留量的安全风险均在可接受范围内,但还需要对禁用农药加强监督。
Objective To understand the status of pesticide residues in vegetables sold in Xiangyang City and evaluate the risk of chronic dietary exposure to pesticide residues in vegetables. Methods The vegetables of Xiangyang farmers markets and supermarkets were randomly collected from 2012 to 2016. Pesticide residues were detected in the samples according to the Food Safety Risk Monitoring Manual and the food safety index method was used to evaluate the risk of chronic dietary exposure to pesticide residues in vegetables. Results A total of 747 samples of vegetables were collected and tested from 2012 to 2016. The detection rate of pesticide residues on vegetables sold in Xiangyang City was 10.58% with the exceeding standard rate of 0.94%. The detection rate of pesticides in leafy vegetables, eggplants, stems and fresh pulses was higher with the detection rates of 14.4%, 11.5%, 23.3% and 20.3%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the exceeding rate of vegetables (P> 0.05). Detected pesticides to pyrethroid based. There was no significant difference between the various types of pesticide exceeding the standard (P> 0.05). Chronic dietary exposure assessment showed that all pesticides tested had a food safety index of <1. Conclusion The safety risks of pesticide residues in vegetables in Xiangyang City are within the acceptable range, but pesticide monitoring should be further strengthened.