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为探明气象条件对烤烟烟叶化学成分含量的影响,在河南省襄城县开展了不同移栽期试验,比较了不同移栽期烤烟各生育期的气象条件及烤后烟叶主要化学成分差异,并对两者的相关性进行了分析。结果表明:随移栽期的推迟,旺长期和大田生育期均温逐渐升高,成熟期均温逐渐降低;旺长期、成熟期和大田生育期的日照时数均随移栽期的推迟而逐渐减少。烟叶主要化学成分方面,提前或推迟移栽都可一定程度降低烤后烟叶的烟碱含量,对其他化学成分的影响在中部叶和上部叶之间表现不一致。上部叶主要化学成分与气象条件的相关性强于中部叶;旺长期可能是气象条件影响烤后烟叶化学成分的关键时期;上部叶中总氮含量与旺长期、成熟期和大田生育期的日照时数呈负相关,而上部叶碳水化合物(还原糖、总糖和淀粉)则与旺长期日照时数呈正相关、与旺长期降雨量呈负相关。
In order to investigate the effect of meteorological conditions on the chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco leaves, different transplanting experiments were carried out in Xiangcheng County, Henan Province. The meteorological conditions and main chemical components of flue-cured tobacco at different growth stages were compared. The correlation between the two is analyzed. The results showed that with the postponement of transplanting, the average temperature of Mongolian and the field growth increased gradually, and the average temperature gradually decreased during the mature stage. The sunshine hours of Mongolian, Mongolian, gradually decreases. As for the main chemical components of tobacco leaves, the nicotine content of the cured tobacco leaves could be reduced to a certain extent by transplanting in advance, and the influence on other chemical components was inconsistent between the middle leaves and the upper leaves. The main chemical components of the upper leaves were more correlated with the meteorological conditions than those of the middle leaves. The long-term may be the key period for the weather conditions to affect the chemical composition of the cured tobacco leaves. The total nitrogen content in the upper leaves and the sunshine Hour, while carbohydrates (reducing sugar, total sugar and starch) in the upper leaves were positively correlated with the hours of sunshine hours and the negative correlation with the long-term rainfall.