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为了查明高储能岩体快速卸荷变形破坏机制,设计了锦屏大理岩岩爆试验,对岩爆试件的宏观破坏特征、声发射过程等进行研究。根据以往真三轴岩爆试验特征进行了全程和非全程试验,记录其过程及声发射特征。对比分析两者的宏观破坏特征,解释了岩爆试验的渐进破坏过程。试验结果表明:在大理岩岩爆试验中,岩石试件的宏观破坏是由表及里的;张性裂纹的出现要早于剪切裂纹,剪切裂纹搭接相邻的张性裂纹(或临空面)形成圈闭,圈闭内的岩石碎块出现剥离或以一定初速度弹射;剪切面上岩粉的存在意味着剪切裂纹萌生扩展过程伴随着大量弹性应变能的释放;与其他的岩爆分类和机制相比,岩爆渐进破坏观点能够较好地解释岩爆机制。
In order to find out the mechanism of rapid unloading deformation and failure of high energy storage rock mass, the rock burst test of Jinping marble was designed to study the macroscopic failure characteristics and acoustic emission process of rock burst specimens. According to the previous true triaxial rock burst test characteristics of the whole and non-full test, record the process and acoustic emission characteristics. The macroscopic failure characteristics of the two are compared and the progressive failure process of rock burst test is explained. The experimental results show that the macroscopic failure of the rock specimen in the marble rockburst test is caused by the appearance of cracks in the specimen. The appearance of the tensile cracks is earlier than that of the shear cracks and the shear cracks overlap the adjacent tensile cracks The formation of traps in the fronts of the traps and the detachment of rock fragments in the traps or ejection at a certain initial velocity. The presence of rock dust on the shear surface implies the release of a large amount of elastic strain energy along with the initiation and propagation of shear cracks. Compared with other rockburst classification and mechanism, the rockburst progressively destructive point of view can explain the rockburst mechanism better.