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以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二羟基丙酸(DMPA)和不同分子量的聚乙二醇(PEG)为主要原料,以甲醇、丁醇、辛醇和聚乙二醇单甲醚500为封端剂,合成了一系列聚氨酯阴离子表面活性剂。用红外光谱对其结构进行表征;用凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)测得数均分子量为3400~5300g/mol,分布指数在1.73~1.97之间。用表面张力法测得临界胶束浓度,用原子吸收光谱法研究其对铅离子的吸附性能。研究发现,随着表面活性剂浓度增加,其对铅离子的吸附效率增加;以低分子量的聚乙二醇(PEG-400)和甲醇为封端剂所制备的聚氨酯阴离子表面活性剂对铅离子的吸附效率最佳,对浓度为1mg/L的铅离子溶液的吸附效率达到了99.0%,可使水中的铅离子浓度降低至0.01mg/L,基本达到饮用水的标准。
Using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), dihydroxy propionic acid (DMPA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) of different molecular weights as the main raw materials, methanol, butanol, octanol and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 500 as End-capping agent, a series of polyurethane anionic surfactants were synthesized. Its structure was characterized by FTIR. The number average molecular weight was 3400 ~ 5300 g / mol as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and the distribution index was between 1.73 and 1.97. The critical micelle concentration was measured by surface tension method and the adsorption of lead ion by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that the adsorption efficiency of lead ions increased with the increase of the surfactant concentration. The effect of the anionic surfactant of polyurethanes prepared by using low molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) and methanol as the blocking agent on the lead ion Of the adsorption efficiency of the best, the concentration of 1mg / L of the lead ion solution adsorption efficiency of 99.0%, the concentration of lead in water can be reduced to 0.01mg / L, basically reached the drinking water standards.