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本文简要报导用Philips—SEM505、日本ANELAL公司AES—430S以及美EDAX—9100对钪酸盐阴极及多孔钨体的形貌结构、发射表面和体内的成分组成等进行实验研究的初步结果。实验表明:钨粉种类、成形方法、精加工方式等都是对多孔钨体和阴极表面性能有直接影响的因素。用俄歇谱仪对阴极发射面做纵向剖面分析可以看出,决定阴极性能的发射表面的“浅层”是发射活性物质最富集的区域。随着深度的增加,活性物质逐渐减少。深度超过约420A以后,各种成分便呈相对稳定的分布。因此,阴极性能的优劣主要取决于极薄一层发射表面的组成和性质。对该层的结构、性能等做充分的研究,对了解阴极的发射机理、改善并掌握稳定的阴极制备工艺都是十分重要的。
This article briefly reports the preliminary results of the experimental study on the morphology, emission surface and composition of scandate cathode and porous tungsten body with Philips-SEM505, Japan’s ANELAL company AES-430S and the United States EDAX-9100. Experiments show that the types of tungsten powder, forming methods, finishing methods and so on are all factors that have a direct impact on the surface properties of porous tungsten and cathode. A longitudinal section analysis of the cathode launch surface by Auger spectroscopy shows that the “shallow” emission surface that determines cathode performance is the area where the active species is most concentrated. With increasing depth, the active substance gradually decreases. After the depth of more than about 420A, the various components showed a relatively stable distribution. Therefore, the pros and cons of cathode performance mainly depends on the composition and properties of the very thin layer of the emitting surface. The layer structure, performance, etc. to do a full study, understanding of the cathode emission mechanism, to improve and master the stable cathode preparation process are very important.