目的探讨自制微造瘘吸引碎石清石鞘在小儿经皮肾镜取石术中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2008年5月-2011年2月我科收治小儿肾结石患者38例的临床资料,均在B超引导定位下,采用自制微造瘘吸引碎石清石鞘对患儿施行经皮肾镜取石术,观察手术时间,术中肾盂内压,结石清除率,并发症发生率等情况。结果均为一次一个通道取石,取石时间平均27min,术中肾盂内压为2.5±6.1mmHg之间,结石取净率为94.7%,出血量少。无尿瘘、气胸、腹腔脏器损伤等严重并发症。结论应用自制微造瘘吸引碎石清石鞘对患儿施行经皮肾镜取石术安全有效,具有手术时间短,肾盂低负压,损伤小,出血量少,恢复快等优点。 Objective To investigate the value of self-made microstomy-induced gravel stone sheath in pediatric percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Methods The clinical data of 38 patients with pediatric renal stone admitted to our department from May 2008 to February 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent B-ultrasonography Nephrolithotomy, observation of operative time, intra-renal pelvis pressure, stone removal rate, complication rate and so on. The results were stone access at a time, the average stone time 27min, intraoperative renal pelvis pressure was 2.5 ± 6.1mmHg, stone take rate was 94.7%, less bleeding. No urinary fistula, pneumothorax, abdominal organ injury and other serious complications. Conclusion It is safe and effective to use percutaneous nephrolithotomy to treat lithotripsy with self-made micro-fistula grafting. It has the advantages of short operation time, low negative pressure of renal pelvis, less injury, less bleeding and quick recovery.