目的探讨周围神经损伤后睫状神经营养因子（ＣＮＴＦ）对脊髓运动神经元的保护作用及其作用机理。方法切断不同鼠龄坐骨神经复制周围神经损伤模型，神经损伤局部应用ＣＮＴＦ，观察脊髓运动神经元变性、死亡程度的变化。结果ＣＮＴＦ处理组的脊髓运动神经元变性程度、神经元存活数均明显好于对照组，而且这一结果在乳鼠组表现得更为突出。结论大鼠周围神经损伤后可以引起脊髓运动神经元变性、死亡，ＣＮＴＦ对这一病理过程具有防治作用。 Objective To investigate the protective effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on spinal motoneurons after peripheral nerve injury and its mechanism. Methods The model of peripheral nerve injury was established by sciatic nerve in different age groups. CNTF was applied to nerve injury and the changes of degeneration and death of spinal motor neurons were observed. Results The degree of degeneration of spinal motor neurons and neuron survival in CNTF group were significantly better than that in control group, and this result was more prominent in neonatal rats. CONCLUSION: Peripheral nerve injury in rats can cause degeneration and death of spinal motoneurons. CNTF can prevent and treat this pathological process.